摘要
[目的]深入研究黄河流域不同时间尺度的气象干旱对植被的时空响应特征,为生态保护、水资源管理和气候变化适应性提供宝贵信息,能够减轻干旱引发的环境和经济问题。[方法]基于黄河流域1982—2020年的标准化降水蒸散指数SPEI和归一化植被指数NDVI,采用逐像元线性回归模型、Sen’s趋势分析和Mann-Kendall检验等方法研究黄河流域不同时间尺度气象干旱的时空分布特征及其对植被影响。[结果](1)1982—2020年黄河流域呈不显著的变干趋势,不同时间尺度SPEI变化趋势为负值的区域主要集中在黄河流域的西部龙羊峡至兰州区域、黄河流域的南部及河套平原周围区域。(2)黄河流域多年平均植被覆盖度的空间分布特征呈南高北低、由东南向西北递减的趋势,研究区内植被覆盖度呈显著增加的区域(61.94%)大于植被覆盖度呈显著减少的区域(5.43%)。(3)黄河流域大部分地区干旱状况与植被状态呈正相关,流域内呈显著正相关区域主要集中在黄河流域西北部和最北端区域,说明这些区域的植被受干旱的影响最为严重。(4)草地和耕地对6个月时间尺度的干旱响应最强,林地和未利用地较其他土地类型更易受长期干旱影响。4种地貌类型都容易受到中长期缺水的影响,其中丘陵地区的植被最易受干旱影响。[结论]研究结果为黄河流域防灾减灾及生态环境建设提供有效的科学依据,为黄河流域的生态保护、水资源管理和气候变化适应性提供重要的信息,有助于制定更加精准的政策和措施,以减轻干旱对环境和经济带来的潜在影响,促进可持续发展。
[Objective]Intensive research on the spatial and temporal response characteristics of meteorological drought to vegetation at different time scales in the Yellow River Basin provides valuable information for ecological conservation,water resource management,and climate change adaptation,and can mitigate the environmental and economic problems caused by drought.[Methods]Based on the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index(SPEI)and normalized vegetation index(NDVI)for the Yellow River Basin during the period of 1982—2020,image-by-image metric linear regression models,Sen’s trend analysis and Mann-Kendall test were used to study the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of meteorological droughts at different time scales in the Yellow River Basin,as well as their impacts on vegetation.[Results](1)From 1982 to 2020,the Yellow River Basin showed an insignificant increasing trend in aridity,with regions exhibiting negative trends in SPEI mainly concentrated in the western region from Longyangxia to Lanzhou,the southern part of the Yellow River Basin,and the surrounding areas of the Hetao Plain.(2)The spatial distribution pattern of average vegetation coverage in the Yellow River Basin demonstrated a decreasing trend from south to north and from southeast to northwest.The proportion of regions with a significant increase in vegetation coverage(61.94%)was greater than that of those with a significant decrease(5.43%).(3)In most areas of the Yellow River Basin,drought conditions were positively correlated with vegetation status.Regions exhibiting significant positive correlations were mainly concentrated in the northwest and northernmost areas of the Yellow River Basin,indicating that vegetation in these areas was severely affected by drought.(4)Grassland and cultivated land showed the strongest response to drought at a six-month time scale,while forests and unused land were more vulnerable to long-term drought compared to other land types.All four landform types were susceptible to medium-to long-term water shortages,with vegetation in hilly areas being the most affected by drought.[Conclusion]The results of the study provide an effective scientific basis for disaster prevention and mitigation as well as ecological environment construction in the Yellow River Basin,and provide important information for ecological protection,water resource management and climate change adaptation in the Yellow River Basin,which will help to formulate more precise policies and measures to mitigate the potential impacts of drought on the environment and the economy,and to promote sustainable development.
作者
李阳阳
董国涛
薛华柱
郑岩超
廉耀康
LI Yangyang;DONG Guotao;XUE Huazhu;ZHENG Yanchao;LIAN Yaokang(School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo,Henan 454000,China;Yellow River Conservancy Commission,Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Heihe Water Resources and Ecological Protection Research Center,Lanzhou 730030,China)
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期187-196,共10页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51779099)
河南省科技攻关项目(232102320247)
甘肃省陇原青年英才专项。
