摘要
【目的】探究不同类型生物炭对芳香樟生长和光合特性的影响,以期为芳香樟经济林营造提供科学依据。【方法】以盆栽芳香樟优质品系‘MD1’为材料,设置对照(CK,不施化肥和生物炭)、化肥(F)、木炭+化肥(MC)和秸秆炭+化肥(JC)4个处理,在芳香樟移栽前一天施入生物炭(140 g/盆)、化肥(尿素、过磷酸钙、氯化钾分别为6,2.19,0.44 g/盆),将其与土壤混匀,移栽定植后浇水灌透。移栽后测定施用不同类型生物炭对芳香樟生长指标、各器官精油含量、芳樟醇相对含量和根系活力的影响,并分析叶片光合特性和氮代谢的调控过程。【结果】1)与施用化肥处理相比,不同类型生物炭处理均可提高芳香樟株高、地径、总生物量和根系活力,且不同类型生物炭处理之间差异显著,JC处理对芳香樟植株生长的促进效果优于MC处理,其芳香樟株高、地径、总生物量和根系活力比MC处理分别增加了36.22%,8.24%,8.68%和12.80%。2)与施用化肥处理相比,不同类型生物炭处理均可显著提高芳香樟茎、叶得油率和芳樟醇相对含量,其中以JC处理芳香樟叶得油率和芳樟醇相对含量最高,分别达4.05%和94.31%。3)施用生物炭可提高芳香樟SPAD值和净光合速率,蒸腾速率随时间的变化呈先升高后降低的趋势,减少光合产物消耗;化肥处理除亚硝酸还原酶外,氮代谢酶活性显著高于其他处理。【结论】施用不同类型生物炭均能促进芳香樟生长,提高精油含量和芳樟醇相对含量,改善芳香樟的光合生理特性,其中以秸秆炭+化肥处理综合表现最优。
【Objective】This study investigated the effects of different biochar on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Cinnamomum camphora to provide basis for the construction of economic forests of Cinnamomum camphora.【Method】High-quality potted Cinnamomum camphoras‘MD1’was selected for treatments of control(CK,no chemical fertilizer and biochar application),chemical fertilizer(F),wood biochar+chemical fertilizer(MC)and straw biochar+chemical fertilizer(JC).Biochar(140 g per pot)and chemical fertilizers(urea,calcium perphosphate and potassium chloride at rates of 6,2.19,0.44 g per pot,respectively)were mixed with soil the day before Cinnamomum camphora transplanting,and plants were watered thoroughly after transplanting.The effects of different biochar applications on growth index(plant height,ground diameter),essential oil content and linalool relative content in each organ and root activity of Cinnamomum camphora were determined,and photosynthetic characteristics of leaves and regulation processes of nitrogen metabolism were analyzed.【Result】1)Compared with F treatment,different biochar treatments increased plant height,ground diameter,total biomass and root activity of Cinnamomum camphora.There were significant differences among different biochar treatments,and JC treatment promoted the growth of Cinnamomum camphora better than MC treatment.The height,ground diameter,total biomass and root viability in JC treatment were increased by 36.22%,8.24%,8.68%and 12.80%compared with MC treatment.2)Compared with the application of chemical fertilizers,different types of biochar treatments significantly increased oil yield and linalool relative content in stems and leaves.The JC treatment had the highest oil yield and relative content of linalool in leaves of 4.05%and 94.31%,respectively.3)The application of biochar increased SPAD value and net photosynthetic rate,while the transpiration rate increased first and then decreased with time,which reduced photosynthates consumption and promoted leaf photosynthesis.Except nitrite reductase,the activities of nitrogen metabolizing enzymes in F treatment were significantly higher than those in other treatments.【Conclusion】Application of different biochar types promoted the growth of Cinnamomum camphora,increased the contents of essential oil and linalool,and improved photosynthetic physiological characteristics of Cinnamomum camphora.Straw biochar+chemical fertilizer(JC)had the best comprehensive performance.
作者
陈宇琳
吴凤英
张伟婷
刘东明
何峥旋
毛艳玲
CHEN Yulin;WU Fengying;ZHANG Weiting;LIU Dongming;HE Zhengxuan;MAO Yanling(College of Resource and Environment,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;University Key Lab of Soil Ecosystem Health and Regulation in Fujian,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;Fujian Colleges and Universities Engineering Research Institute of Conservation&Utilization of Natural Bioresources,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China)
出处
《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第2期70-80,共11页
Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
福建省科技厅2021年高校产学研联合创新项目(2021N5002)
福建省财政厅项目(闽财指【2022】639号)。
关键词
生物炭
芳香樟
生长品质
光合特性
biochar
Cinnamomum camphora
growth quality
photosynthetic traits
