摘要
随着油气工业发展,向深层超深层领域进军已成为常规油气勘探开发的主要趋势。通过对中国中西部含油气盆地超深层油气勘探与研究进展的深入分析,明确深层超深层油气成藏的有利条件,指出中西部叠合盆地的海相碳酸盐岩、碎屑岩、基岩及火山岩3大领域是未来超深层油气勘探重点领域,超深层元古界是值得勘探重视的潜在领域,并指出超深层油气地质理论与关键技术的攻关方向。研究表明:(1)克拉通盆地海相碳酸盐岩发育以多套海相烃源岩、白云岩和断控型缝洞体等规模储集层、3类有利成藏组合,是寻找碳酸盐岩大油气田的重点领域;(2)前陆盆地下组合发育以煤系为主的湖相优质烃源岩、(扇)三角洲砂体为主的规模储集层、大型构造圈闭,是寻找碎屑岩大油气田的重点领域;(3)以花岗岩和变质岩为主的基岩储集层不受埋深限制,源岩-基岩接触型成藏组合最有利,紧邻生烃凹陷及大型走滑断裂带的基岩潜山是深层-超深层基岩油气藏勘探的重点领域;(4)中新元古界受超大陆裂解及全球冰期影响,发育受陆内裂陷控制的优质烃源岩,资源潜力较大,未来勘探地位值得重视。
With the development of the oil and gas industry,advancing into deep and ultra-deep strata has become the main trend of conventional oil and gas exploration and development in the future.Based on the comprehensive analysis of the exploration progress and the studies on ultra-deep hydrocarbon accumulations in the sedimentary basins of Central-Western China,the favorable accumulation conditions are identified.It is pointed out that the three major areas of marine carbonate rocks,clastic rocks,igneous rocks and bedrock in the central and western superimposed basins are the main directions for future oil and gas exploration,and the development trend of ultra deep oil and gas theory and technology is proposed.The study concludes that:(1)multiple sets of source rocks,large-scaled dolomite and fault-controlled fracture-cavity type reservoirs,and three types of favorable accumulation assemblages are developed in the marine carbonate formations in the Cratonic basins of China,which are the key targets for the exploration of giant carbonate oil and gas fields;(2)The lower combination within foreland basins of China contains high-quality lacustrine source rocks dominated by coal,reservoirs dominated by fan delta sand,and large-scale structural traps,which are the major prospects for hydrocarbon exploration in clastic rocks;(3)The basement reservoirs majorly composed of granite and metamorphic rocks are not redistricted by their burial depths,the source rock-basement contact type is the most favorable accumulation combination.The buried-hill adjacent to the hydrocarbon generating depression and the large strike-slip fault zone is the key target for exploration of deep and ultra-deep basement accumulations.(4)Under the effect of supercontinent break-up and the snowball earth,the Meso-Neoproterozoic contains high-quality source rocks in intracontinental rifts,which show great resource potential and couldbe a candidate for future exploration.
作者
汪泽成
赵振宇
黄福喜
施亦做
徐洋
张帅
WANG Zecheng;ZHAO Zhenyu;HUANG Fuxi;SHI Yizuo;XU Yang;ZHANG Shuai(PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Production,Beijing 100083,China;Hangzhou Institute of Petroleum Geology Ltd,CNPC,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310023,China)
出处
《世界石油工业》
2024年第1期33-48,共16页
World Petroleum Industry
基金
国家科技重大专项“下古生界—前寒武系碳酸盐岩油气成藏规律、关键技术及目标评价”(2016ZX05004-001)
中国石油天然气集团有限公司科技项目“陆相深层超深层油气富集规律与勘探评价技术研究”(2021DJ02)。
关键词
超深层
油气成藏
构造分异
基岩油气藏
深层碎屑岩
叠合盆地
ultra-deep formation
hydrocarbon accumulation
structural differentiation
basement hydrocarbon accumulation
deep clastic reservoir
superimposed basin
