摘要
煤炭开采是保德县的主导产业,长期高强度的矿产资源开发导致矿区内地表发生了不同程度的形变,地质灾害频发,对进一步采矿作业造成了极大的安全隐患,破坏了当地的生态环境。为了进一步探究矿区地表变形的时空分布变化规律以及地表形变的驱动因素,利用SBAS-InSAR技术对覆盖研究区的32景Sentinel-1A影像数据进行处理,得到了保德矿区2020-06-24—2022-09-13期间的地表形变信息。在监测时间段内,研究区整体以沉降为主,形成多处由中心向四周发展的漏斗状下沉区域,主形变区内形变量与时间大致呈线性关系。依据计算得到的形变结果将保德矿区划分为6个重点研究区,以5号重点研究区中的泰安煤矿为例,通过分析其工作面的采掘工程,得出以下结论:①煤矿地表并未达到稳定状态。②发生地表形变的区域与工作面空间分布相吻合。③作为矿区形变的主要驱动因素,随着采矿工程的推进,主形变区域的范围和沉降速率将会进一步增大。研究区内的地质构造和地层岩性对研究区整体形变的趋势和范围起到一定的控制作用,断层两侧上盘、下盘的相对运动以及不同区域地表的可压缩层厚度差异均对地面的形变速率有一定的影响。通过叠加对比重点监测点累积形变量与区域降水量信息,得出研究区地表形变与降水也有一定的相关性,且降水对地下井工开采和露天开采的地表影响结果有所不同。
Coal mining is the leading industry in Baode County.The long-term and high-intensity exploitation of mineral resources has led to different degrees of suface deformation and frequent geological disasters in the mining area,which has caused great safety risks to further mining operations and destroyed the local ecological environment.In order to further explore the spatio-temporal distribution and driving factors of surface deformation in the mining area,the SBAS-InSAR technology was used to process 32 Sentinel-1A image data covering the research area,and the surface deformation information during 2020-06-24—2022-09-13 in Baode mining area was obtained.During the monitoring period,the research area was dominated by subsidence,forming multiple funnel-shaped subsidence areas that developed from the center to the periphery.The shape variables in the main deformation area had a roughly linear relationship with time.According to the calculated deformation results,Baode mining area was divided into six key research areas.Taking Tai an Coal Mine in the No.5 key research area as an example,the following conclusions was gotton by analyzing the mining engineering of its working face.The surface of the coal mine has not reached a stable state.The area of surface deformation coincided with the spatial distribution of the working face.As the main driving factor of deformation in mining area,with the advancement of mining engineering,the proportion and the deformation rate of the main deformation area will be further increased.The geological structure and stratigraphic lithology play a important role in controlling the trend and range of the overall deformation in the study area.The relative movement of the hanging wall and footwall on both sides of the fault and the thickness difference of the compressible layer on the surface of different regions both have a impact on the deformation rate of the ground.By superimposing and comparing the cumulative shape variables and regional precipitation information of key monitoring points,it is concluded that there is a certain correlation between surface deformation and precipitation in the study area,and the influence on the surface deformation of underground mining and open-pit mining is different.
作者
樊昱初
吕义清
杨娜
FAN Yu-chu;L Yi-qing;YANG Na(School of Mining Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;Piesat Information Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100094,China)
出处
《科学技术与工程》
北大核心
2024年第3期941-951,共11页
Science Technology and Engineering
基金
山西省自然科学基金(2021030212411)。
