摘要
资源对用户开展创业活动至关重要,但对用户创业者资源创新能力影响创业模式选择以及关于创业绩效理论机制的探讨较少。通过构建不同资源创新能力、创业模式与创新绩效之间的匹配关系模型,对221家嵌入众创空间的用户创业企业进行实证研究。结果发现:①资源获取创新能力有助于用户创业者选择协同型创业模式并促进生存绩效提升;②资源利用创新能力有助于用户创业者选择自主型创业模式并促进成长绩效提升;③创业模式在资源创新能力对创业绩效影响中发挥部分中介作用;④众创空间双重网络嵌入对资源创新能力与创业模式关系以及创业模式与创业绩效关系发挥正向调节作用。
With the rapid development of Internet technology,the cost and threshold for users to participate in innovation and entrepreneurship activities have significantly decreased.As a result,innovation and entrepreneurship have become widely-participated social activities.User entrepreneurship has become an important business model and approach,playing a positive role in promoting economic development and social progress.In the process of user entrepreneurship,resources are crucial,and the network embedding of innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystem plays an important role in user entrepreneurs'access to and utilization of external resources.Extant research in the field of user entrepreneurship primarily focuses on the user innovation stage,with only a few studies extending to the user entrepreneurship stage.While some studies have explored the transformation process from user innovation to user entrepreneurship from the perspectives of industry attributes,user identity characteristics,and open interaction,there is still a lack of in-depth entrepreneurial research from theoretical perspectives such as entrepreneurial competencies and network relationships,as well as the modes and performance of user entrepreneurship.Following user innovation theory,this study takes user-entrepreneurial enterprises embedded in the innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystem as the research object and constructs a model to examine the relationship between resource innovation capabilities,entrepreneurial modes,and entrepreneurial performance,and these variables are all measured using the Likert 5-level scale.The study also explores the moderating roles of business network embeddedness and platform network embeddedness in the innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystem in this relationship.Some user startups that have settled in the crowd innovation space from Beijing,Shanghai,Guangzhou,and Guilin are selected for investigation.The data collection is mainly carried out through online distribution and offline on-site distribution of questionnaires,with the respondents being founders and middle and senior managers of the enterprise.There are 221 valid questionnaires obtained out of 450 questionnaires.The multiple linear regression model is constructed to verify the hypotheses.It is found that,first,resource acquisition innovation capability helps to improve the survival performance of user entrepreneurs,and resource utilization innovation capability helps to improve the growth performance of user entrepreneurs.Second,user entrepreneurs with strong resource acquisition innovation capability tend to choose collaborative entrepreneurial mode,while those with strong resource utilization innovation capability are more likely to choose autonomous entrepreneurial mode.Third,collaborative entrepreneurial mode helps to improve the survival performance of user entrepreneurial firms,and autonomous entrepreneurial mode helps to improve the growth performance of user entrepreneurial firms.Fourth,collaborative entrepreneurship plays a partially mediating role in the influence of resource acquisition innovation capability on survival performance,while autonomous entrepreneurship plays a partially mediating role in the influence of resource utilization innovation capability on growth performance.Fifth,the dual network embeddedness of innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystem plays a positive role in the influence of resource innovation capability on entrepreneurial modes,and also plays a positive role in the influence of entrepreneurial modes on entrepreneurial performance.This suggests that the embedding of user entrepreneurial ventures in the innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystem not only helps to select appropriate entrepreneurial modes,but also promotes entrepreneurial performance.This paper extends the study of user innovation to user entrepreneurship,and reveals the influence mechanism of user innovation capability on the choice of entrepreneurial mode and entrepreneurial performance.It deeply analyzes the influence of user entrepreneurs'own resource innovation capability on the choice of entrepreneurial mode,as well as the mechanism of choosing different entrepreneurial modes on entrepreneurial performance.The results also reveal that the dual network embeddedness of the innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystem has played an important role in user entrepreneurs'choice of entrepreneurial mode and the process of entrepreneurial performance improvement.This study provides a theoretical basis for users to carry out entrepreneurial activities and advances researchers understanding of user entrepreneurship.Future research could explore the impact mechanisms of other innovation capabilities on entrepreneurial models and performance to remedy the limitation of variables in this study and improve the universality and reliability of research conclusions by expanding the coverage of survey samples,collecting longitudinal data and utilizing multiple secondary data.
作者
周劲波
李炆灿
Zhou Jinbo;Li Wencan(School of Economics and Management,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541006,China)
出处
《科技进步与对策》
北大核心
2024年第4期33-42,共10页
Science & Technology Progress and Policy
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(20BGL055)。
关键词
资源创新能力
用户创业模式
用户创业绩效
众创空间
双重网络嵌入
Resource Innovation Capability
User Entrepreneurial Mode
User Entrepreneurial Performance
Crowd Innovation Space
Dual Network Embeddedness
