摘要
咸水灌溉可缓解干旱区淡水资源短缺的问题,但是长期咸水灌溉会破坏土壤真菌群落结构.为缓解盐分带来的危害,采用生物炭作为土壤改良剂,以改善土壤真菌群落结构.为探究施用生物炭对盐渍化土壤真菌群落结构多样性的影响,设置两个灌溉水盐度:0.35 dS·m^(-1)(淡水)和8.04 dS·m^(-1)(咸水),在每个灌溉水盐度下,设置2个生物炭施用水平:0 t·hm^(-2)(不施)和3.7 t·hm^(-2)(施用).高通量测序结果表明,与淡水灌溉相比,咸水灌溉增加了真菌群落物种多样性,降低了真菌群落物种丰富度;在咸水灌溉条件下施加生物炭降低了土壤真菌群落物种多样性和物种丰富度.各处理土壤的优势菌门为:子囊菌门、被孢菌门、担子菌门、壶菌门、球囊菌门和罗兹菌门,优势菌属为:赤霉菌属、Sarocladium、毛壳菌属、镰刀菌属和葡萄穗霉属.与淡水灌溉相比,咸水灌溉显著增加担子菌门和壶菌门的相对丰度,显著降低子囊菌门和罗兹菌门的相对丰度.咸水灌溉的条件下施用生物炭显著增加子囊菌门和Sarocladium的相对丰度,显著降低担子菌门、毛壳菌属和镰刀菌属的相对丰度.LEfSe差异分析表明,在不施生物炭的条件下,咸水灌溉降低真菌群落潜在生物标志物数量,而咸水灌溉的条件下施用生物炭增加真菌群落潜在生物标志物数量.以上结果表明,施用生物炭能够改善盐渍化土壤环境和真菌群落结构,为干旱区合理咸水灌溉和培肥土壤提供理论依据.
Saline water irrigation can alleviate the shortage of freshwater resources in the northwest arid zone,but long-term saline water irrigation can damage the soil fungal community structure.To alleviate the harm caused by salinity,biochar is used as a soil amendment to improve the soil fungal community structure.To investigate the intrinsic link between biochar application and the structural diversity of fungal communities in saline soils,two irrigation water salinity levels were set:0.35 dS·m^(-1)(fresh water)and 8.04 dS·m^(-1)(saline water).At each irrigation water salinity,two levels of biochar application were set:0 t·hm^(-2)(no application)and 3.7 t·hm^(-2)(application).High-throughput sequencing results showed that compared to that under fresh water irrigation,saline water irrigation increased fungal community species diversity and decreased fungal community species richness;biochar application under saline water irrigation reduced soil fungal community species diversity and species richness.The dominant fungal phyla in the soils of each treatment were Ascomycota,Mortierellomycota,Basidiomycota,Chytridiomycota,Glomeromycota,Rozellomycota,and Cysticercales,and the dominant genera were Gibberella,Chaetomium,Sarocladium,Stachybotrys,and Fusarium.Compared to that under freshwater irrigation,saline water irrigation significantly increased the relative abundance of Basidiomycota and Chytridiomycota and significantly decreased the relative abundance of Ascomycota and Rozellomycota.The application of biochar under saline irrigation significantly increased the relative abundance of Ascomycota and Sarocladium but significantly decreased the relative abundance of Basidiomycota,Chaetomium,and Fusarium.LEfSe analysis showed that under the condition of no biochar application,saline irrigation reduced the number of potential biomarkers of fungal communities,whereas the application of biochar under the condition of saline irrigation increased the number of potential biomarkers of fungal communities.These results indicated that the application of biochar can improve the saline soil environment and fungal community structure and provide a theoretical basis for reasonable brackish water irrigation and soil fertilization in arid areas.
作者
郑志玉
郭晓雯
闵伟
ZHENG Zhi-yu;GUO Xiao-wen;MIN Wei(College of Agriculture,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832003,China)
出处
《环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期520-529,共10页
Environmental Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(32160742)
兵团指导性项目(2022DZ011)
石河子大学大学生创新创业训练(SRP)计划项目(SRP2022015)。
关键词
灌溉水盐度
生物炭
真菌
LEfSe分析
高通量测序
irrigation water salinity
biochar
fungi
LEfSe analysis
high-throughput sequencing
