摘要
以玉米秸秆为原料,用溴化锂和聚乙烯醇(PVA)溶液将其溶解,制备玉米秸秆-PVA复合气凝胶。采用正交试验法对制备工艺进行优化,并通过FT-IR、吸附率等手段对气凝胶的相关性能进行表征。结果表明:复合气凝胶的优化制备工艺条件为:固液质量比(秸秆∶混合溶液)为1∶100,PVA添加量与秸秆的质量比为100∶15,PVA浓度为5%,溴化锂浓度为66%,溴化锂溶液和PVA的质量比为13.85∶1。该工艺下所制得的复合气凝胶密度低至0.0268 g/cm^(3),比表面积为175.00 m^(2)/g,对废弃机油的最大吸附倍率为35.01 g/g。制备过程中,纤维素的氢键被破坏,PVA与纤维素之间通过氢键连接。复合气凝胶的密度越小,其吸油率越大。复合气凝胶具有全范围内的孔径,且大部分孔径处于介孔范围内,因此有利于对大分子污染物的吸附。
The corn stalk-PVA composite aerogel was prepared by dissolving the corn stalk with lithium bromide and polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) solution in this paper.Orthogonal test was used to optimize the preparation process,and the relevant properties of aerogel were characterized by FT-IR,adsorption rate and so on.The results showed that the optimum preparation conditions of the composite aerogel were as follows:the mass ratio of solid to liquid(straw∶mixed solution) was 1∶100,the mass ratio of PVA addition to straw was 100∶15,the concentration of PVA was 5%,the concentration of lithium bromide was 66%,and the mass ratio of lithium bromide solution to PVA was 13.85∶1.The composite aerogel prepared by this process had a density as low as 0.026 8 g/cm^(3),a specific surface area of 175.00 m^(2)/g,and a maximum adsorption rate of 35.01 g/g for waste oil.During the preparation process,the hydrogen bond of the cellulose was broken,and the PVA was connected to the cellulose only by hydrogen bond.The lower the density of composite aerogel,the higher the oil absorption rate.The composite aerogel has a full range of pore size,and most of the pore size is in the mesoporous range,so it is conducive to the adsorption of macromolecular pollutants.
作者
刘爱
李亚茹
徐文彪
李翔宇
时君友
LIU Ai;LI Ya-ru;XU Wen-biao;LI Xiang-yu;SHI Jun-you(Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood Materials Science and Engineering,Beihua University,Jilin 132013,Jilin,P.R.China)
出处
《林产工业》
北大核心
2024年第2期1-6,共6页
China Forest Products Industry
基金
吉林省自然科学基金项目(YDZJ202301ZYTS485)
吉林省科技厅中青年科技创新领军人才及团队项目(20200301046RQ)。
