摘要
木材为多孔性材料,在室内空间中,使用木质材料除了具有饰面作用外,还可以有效吸收声能,控制室内混响时间,改善音质,提高语言清晰度。本文概述了木质材料的吸声和隔声性能两方面的研究现状,并对未来的研究提出了建议。在此基础之上,总结了前人在大型建筑空间、小型办公空间、家居室内空间中声环境调控的不足之处。主要有以下3点:1)研究者多选取某一特定的室内空间类型进行声环境改善,尚缺乏对不同使用功能的室内空间声环境的规律性研究,以形成较为系统的室内声环境调控体系。2)成片的家具几何结构改变室内声环境的程度有待进一步研究验证。3)对于改变空间的形状、比例、布局的方法有待进一步研究其内在规律,为设计师、建筑师和科研人员提供参考依据。未来研究重点包括:1)通过使用木质材料对空间进行合理化布局与设计;2)处理好不均匀的声频或室内声场驻波的简并现象,需合理选择吸声构件。3)建立智能化声学仿真模型。
As a porous material,wood not only has a decorative effect when used in interior spaces but also has effective sound absorption properties.Wooden materials can control the reverberation time in the room and improve the sound quality,thus enhancing speech distinctness.In this study,the current status of research on both the sound absorption and sound insulation properties of wooden materials was overviewed,the shortcomings of previous research on the regulation of acoustic environments in large architectural spaces,small office spaces,and domestic interior spaces were summarized.There are three main points:1) Most researchers have selected a specific type of indoor space for acoustic environment improvement,lacking the regularity of research on the acoustic environment of indoor spaces with different using functions,making it difficult to form a more systematic system for regulating the indoor acoustic environment.2) The extent to which the geometric structure of pieces of furniture changes the indoor acoustic environment needs to be further investigated and verified.3) The methods for changing the shape,proportion,and layout of the space need to be further investigated.The intrinsic laws of the space so as to provide a reference basis for designers,architects,and researchers.Some perspectives for future research included:1)rational layout and design of the space using wood materials;2) reasonable selection of sound-absorbing elements in order to deal with uneven sound frequencies or the simple merging of standing waves in the indoor sound field;3)establishment of an intelligent acoustic simulation model.
作者
闫爽
张刘涛
张梁
齐丰妍
刘镇波
YAN Shuang;ZHANG Liu-tao;ZHANG Liang;QI Feng-yan;LIU Zhen-bo(Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150006,Heilongjiang,P.R.China;Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,Zhejiang,P.R.China)
出处
《林产工业》
北大核心
2024年第2期48-53,共6页
China Forest Products Industry
基金
国家自然科学基金(31670559)“乐器共鸣板用木材的声学功能性改良及新型声学材料制备机理研究”。
关键词
木质材料
室内声学
吸声
隔声
调控
Wooden materials
Room acoustics
Absorb sound
Sound insulation
Regulate and control
