摘要
目的:了解温州市中小学生营养不良现状及营养不良发生的影响因素,为中小学生营养不良防治提供科学依据。方法:采用分层整群随机抽样,选取2022年温州市中小学生27449人,收集体格检查数据,判断营养状况,并进行营养不良影响因素问卷调查。采用χ^(2)检验对营养不良相关因素进行单因素分析,采用多因素Logistic回归进行多因素分析。结果:温州市中小学生营养不良检出率为7.59%,以消瘦为主(96.31%)。男生营养不良检出率(8.49%)高于女生(6.51%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);初中生营养不良检出率最低(5.82%),职高生营养不良检出率最高(10.54%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,女生(OR=0.657,95%CI=0.581~0.742)、不贫血(OR=0.734,95%CI=0.626~0.860)、新鲜水果摄入频率为1次/d(OR=0.783,95%CI=0.624~0.983)是营养不良的保护因素。结论:温州市中小学生的营养不良表现以消瘦为主,性别、学段、贫血、新鲜水果摄入等是营养不良的影响因素。应重视男生、职高生营养不良的防治,开展均衡饮食、培养合理膳食习惯等干预。
Objective:To investigate the current status of malnutrition among primary and middle school students in Wenzhou and explore its influencing factors so as to provid reference for the prevention and control of malnutrition.Methods:A total of 27449 primary and middle school students in Wenzhou were selected in 2022 using a stratified cluster random sampling method.Physical examination and questionnaire survey were conducted on the participants to assess their nutritional status and analyze the factors influencing malnutrition.Chi-square was performed to analyze malnutrition-related factors and logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis.Results:The prevalence of malnutrition among primary and middle school students in Wenzhou was 7.59%,of which emaciation was dominant,accounting for 96.31%.The prevalence of malnutrition was higher in boys(8.49%)compared with girls(6.51%)(P<0.001).The prevalence of malnutrition in junior middle school students was the lowest(5.82%),and the prevalence in vocational high school students was the highest(10.54%)(P<0.001).Multivariate regression analysis showed that female students(OR=0.657,95%CI=0.581-0.742),non-anemia(OR=0.734,95%CI=0.626-0.860),fresh fruit intake frequency at 1 times per day(OR=0.783,95%CI=0.624-0.983)were protective factors against malnutrition.Conclusion:The malnutrition of primary and middle school students in Wenzhou is mainly manifested as emaciation.Gender,school stage,anemia,fresh fruit intake frequency,are the influencing factors of malnutrition.Further attention should be paid to malnutrition in boys and vocational high school students.Such interventions as balanced diet and cultivation of reasonable dietary habits should be carried out.
作者
温丹丹
高四海
陈晴晴
蔡圆圆
刘倩倩
陈民和
夏子淇
WEN Dandan;GAO Sihai;CHEN Qingqing;CAI Yuanyuan;LIU Qianqian;CHEN Minhe;XIA Ziqi(Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene,Wenzhou Center For Disease Control And Prevention,Wenzhou 325002,China)
出处
《温州医科大学学报》
CAS
2024年第2期135-140,共6页
Journal of Wenzhou Medical University
基金
温州市医药卫生科研项目(2023008)。
