摘要
本试验旨在研究饲粮发酵啤酒糟水平对闽东山羊生长性能、消化代谢、血清生化指标及瘤胃发酵的影响,为发酵啤酒糟在舍饲闽东山羊的科学利用提供参考。选择体重[(20.89±1.21)kg]相近的8月龄闽东山羊公羊24只,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复1只羊。对照组、试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组饲粮中发酵啤酒糟水平分别为0、12%、24%和36%,各组饲粮营养水平一致。预试期10 d,正试期7 d。结果表明:1)试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组的干物质采食量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。对照组和试验Ⅰ组的总能表观消化率显著高于试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组(P<0.05)。试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组的酸性洗涤纤维表观消化率显著高于对照组和试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。对照组的进食氮显著低于试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组(P<0.05)。2)试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组的血清总蛋白含量显著高于对照组和试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。3)试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组的瘤胃pH显著高于对照组和试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组的瘤胃丁酸含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。4)在门水平上,试验Ⅱ组的瘤胃厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)相对丰度显著高于对照组和试验Ⅲ组(P<0.05),试验Ⅲ组的瘤胃拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)相对丰度显著高于试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组(P<0.05)。在属水平上,试验Ⅲ组的瘤胃普雷沃氏菌属(Prevotella)相对丰度显著高于试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组(P<0.05),试验Ⅲ组的瘤胃琥珀酸菌属(Succiniclasticum)相对丰度显著高于对照组、试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组的瘤胃肠单胞菌属(Intestinimonas)相对丰度显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加发酵啤酒糟可提高闽东山羊的干物质采食量和ADF表观消化率,在一定程度上提升瘤胃纤维素降解微生物的相对丰度,改善瘤胃发酵环境,且对闽东山羊的生长和机体代谢无负面影响。从本试验结果来看,饲粮发酵啤酒糟水平在12%~24%时饲喂效果最佳。
The aim of this experiment was to study the effects of dietary fermented brewer’s grains level on growth performance,digestion and metabolism,serum biochemical indices and rumen fermentation of Mindong goats,and to provide reference for the scientific utilization of fermented brewer’s grains in farmed Mindong goats.Twenty-four healthy 8-month-old Mindong goats with similar body weight[(20.89±1.21)kg]were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 1 goat per replicate.The dietary fermented brewer’s grains levels of control group,experiment groupⅠ,experiment groupⅡand experiment groupⅢwere 0,12%,24%and 36%,respectively,and the dietary nutrient levels of each group were consistent.The pre-experimental period lasted for 10 days,and the experimental period lasted for 7 days.The results showed as follows:1)the dry matter intake of experiment groupⅠand experiment groupⅡwas significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The gross energy apparent digestibility of control group and experiment groupⅠwas significantly higher than that of experiment groupⅡand experiment groupⅢ(P<0.05).The acid detergent fiber apparent digestibility of experiment groupⅡand experiment groupⅢwas significantly higher than that of control group and experiment groupⅠ(P<0.05).The nitrogen intake of the control group was significantly lower than that of experiment groupⅠ,experiment groupⅡand experiment groupⅢ(P<0.05).2)The serum total protein content of experiment groupⅡand experiment groupⅢwas significantly higher than that of control group and experiment groupⅠ(P<0.05).3)The rumen pH of experiment groupⅡand experiment groupⅢwas significantly higher than that of control group and experiment groupⅠ(P<0.05),and the rumen butyrate content of experiment groupⅠ,experiment groupⅡand experiment groupⅢwas significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).4)At the phylum level,the rumen Firmicutes relative abundance of experiment groupⅡwas significantly higher than that of control group and experiment groupⅠ(P<0.05),and the rumen Bacteroidetes relative abundance of experiment groupⅢwas significantly higher than that of experiment groupⅠand experiment groupⅡ(P<0.05).At the genus level,the rumen Prevotella relative abundance of experiment groupⅢwas significantly higher than that of experiment groupⅠand experiment groupⅡ(P<0.05),the rumen Succiniclasticum relative abundance of experiment groupⅢwas significantly higher than that of control group,experiment groupⅠand experiment groupⅡ(P<0.05),and the rumen Succiniaclasticum relative abundance of experiment groupⅠand experiment groupⅡwas significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05).In conclusion,the addition of fermented brewer’s grains in the diet can increase the dry matter intake and ADF apparent digestibility of Mindong goats,enhance the relative abundance of rumen cellulose degrading microorganisms to a certain extent,improve the rumen fermentation environment,and have no negative effect on the growth and body metabolism of Mindong goats.From the results of this experiment,the best feeding effect is achieved when the dietary fermented brewer’s grains level is 12%to 24%.
作者
徐倩
张富
吴贤锋
王迎港
李文杨
刘远
XU Qian;ZHANG Fu;WU Xianfeng;WANG Yinggang;LI Wenyang;LIU Yuan(Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Science,Fuzhou 350013,China;Fujian Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding,Fuzhou 350013,China;College of Animal Science,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350001,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期416-427,共12页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
福建省省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2020R10260014,2022R10260015)
福建省人民政府-中国农业科学院农业高质量发展超越“5511”协同创新工程(XTCXGC2021008)
福建省农业科学院科技创新团队(CXTD2021006-2)
福建省农业科学院引导性科技创新项目(YDXM202207)。
关键词
发酵啤酒糟
闽东山羊
营养物质表观消化率
血清生化指标
瘤胃发酵
fermented brewer’s grains
Mindong goats
nutrient apparent digestibility
serum biochemical indices
rumen fermentation
