摘要
乌尔第三王朝战争史一直以来都是国际亚述学界的重点研究领域。从乌尔纳姆时期的统一战争,到舒尔吉时期的扩张战争,再到阿马尔辛、舒辛和伊比辛时期的防御战争,乌尔第三王朝对外战争经历了从主动扩张到被动防御的演变过程。同时,其对外战争呈现出有选择性的扩张,即“东战西和”的特征,战争的目的一是为了掠夺战利品和战俘,二是为了建立军事缓冲区、保卫王朝核心区的安全,三是为了控制呼罗珊商路,加强和东部伊朗地区的经济文化交流。随着阿摩利人和埃兰人的威胁加剧,乌尔第三王朝统治者的政治目的并未能完全实现,而其短暂的百余年的中央集权制尝试,为后来的两河流域国家统治与治理提供了重要借鉴。
The study of the war history in the Third Dynasty of Ur has always been a key issue among Assyriological scholars.From the unified war during the Ur-Nammu's reign,to the war of expansion during the Shulgi's reign,and then to the war of defense between Amar-Suen's and Ibbi-Suen's reigns,the foreign wars in the Third Dynasty of Ur experienced the evolution from active expansion to passive defense.At the same time,the foreign wars showed the characteristics of selective expansion named“Eastward Warfare and Westward Peace”,the purpose of which was firstly to plunder resources and prisoners of war,secondly to create a buffer zone to secure the core,and thirdly to control the Great Khurasan Road,strengthening economic and cultural exchanges with Iranian plateau.As the threat from Amorites and Elamites grew,the political goal of the Ur Ⅲ rulers was not fully realized.But the short attempt of centralization for more than one hundred years provided an important reference for the later Mesopotamian state governance.
作者
刘昌玉
LIU Chang-yu(Department of History,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua,Zhejiang,321004,China)
出处
《史学集刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第2期86-95,共10页
Collected Papers of History Studies
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目“两河流域乌尔第三王朝对外关系研究”(20BSS011)的阶段性成果。
关键词
乌尔第三王朝
对外战争
舒尔吉
“东战西和”
呼罗珊大道
Third Dynasty of Ur
foreign wars
Shulgi
“Eastward Warfare and Westward Peace”
Great Khurasan Road
