摘要
【目的】研究不同父本花粉授粉对板栗坚果品质的影响,为授粉品种筛选和利用花粉直感效应提高板栗坚果品质提供依据。【方法】选用种植于河北省迁西县具有大粒、甜、糯等性状的8个板栗品种(优系)进行授粉试验,以母本自交为对照,比较分析父母本及其授粉组合果实外在和内在品质、授粉组合坚果品质与父本的相关性。【结果】不同父本授粉可显著影响板栗坚果淀粉、可溶性糖、总酚和总黄酮等含量和单粒质量。花粉直感促进直链淀粉含量提升53.6%(‘迁西早红’ב泰栗1号’),支链淀粉提升32.0%(‘燕山早丰’ב京暑红’),可溶性糖提升34.4%(‘泰栗1号’ב京暑红’),蛋白质提升34.6%(‘迁西早红’ב京暑红’),总酚提升65.4%(‘泰栗1号’ב京暑红’),总黄酮提升115.7%(‘泰栗1号’ב八月红’),单粒质量提升33.5%(‘燕山早丰’ב王钱大栗’)。利用主成分分析对板栗11个品质指标进行综合评价,结果表明,父本‘泰栗1号’对母本‘燕山早丰’、‘迁西早红’和‘泰安薄壳栗’坚果的综合品质提升最显著,父本‘京暑红’对母本‘泰栗1号’的坚果品质提升最显著。【结论】板栗坚果淀粉、可溶性糖、蛋白质、脂肪、总酚和总黄酮等含量和单粒质量具有显著花粉直感效应,而坚果果形指数和果皮颜色花粉直感效应不明显。授粉组合坚果单粒质量与父本单粒质量呈极显著正相关。综合授粉组合品质和产量因素,‘泰栗1号’可作为‘燕山早丰’、‘迁西早红’和‘泰安薄壳栗’的最佳授粉品种,‘京暑红’可作为‘泰栗1号’的最佳授粉品种。
【Objective】This work aimed to investigate the effects of pollinizer cultivars on the chestnut nut quality in order to provide a reference for screening chestnut pollinizer and improving the nut quality.【Method】Eight Chinese chestnut varieties with large-grain,sweet and waxy traits were selected for pollination experiment.The quality indicators of the parents and pollinated nuts were analyzed,as well as the correlation between quality indicators of the parent nuts and the pollinated nuts.The female parent self-pollinated nuts was used as control.【Result】The nut mass and the contents of starch,soluble sugar,total phenolics and total flavonoids were significantly affected by different pollinizer.The amylose content increased by 53.6%(‘Qianxizaohong’בTaili 1’);the amylopectin increased by 32.0%(‘Yanshanzaofeng’בJingshuhong’);the soluble sugar increased by 34.4%(‘Taili 1’בJingshuhong’);the protein increased by 34.6%(‘Qianxizaohong’בJingshuhong’);the total phenolics increased by 65.4%(‘Taili 1’בJingshuhong’);the total flavonoids increased by 115.7%(‘Taili 1’בBayuehong’)and the nut mass increased by 33.5%(‘Yanshanzaofeng’בWangqiandali’).The results of principal component analysis and comprehensive evaluation of 11 chestnut quality indicators showed that‘Taili 1’improved the comprehensive nut quality of female parent‘Yanshanzaofeng’,‘Qianxizaohong’and‘Tai’anbokeli’most significantly,and‘Jingshuhong’improved the nut quality of‘Taili 1’most significantly.【Conclusion】The xenia effects were observed in the nut mass,the contents of starch,soluble sugar,protein,fat,total phenolics and total flavonoids of chestnut.The mass of pollinated nuts was significantly positively correlated with the mass of the male parent self-pollinated nut,but the xenia effect on pericarp color and nut shape index was not obvious.Combined with yield factors,‘Taili 1’could be the optimal pollinizer of‘Yanshanzaofeng’,‘Qianxizaohong’and‘Tai’anbokeli’,and‘Jingshuhong’could be the optimal pollinizer of‘Taili 1’.
作者
肖鑫
郭素娟
XIAO Xin;GUO Sujuan(State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《中南林业科技大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第12期44-55,共12页
Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD2200400)
林业和草原科技成果国家级推广项目(2020133118)。
关键词
板栗
支链淀粉
花粉直感效应
授粉树
果实品质
chestnut
amylopectin
pollen xenia effect
pollinating trees
fruit quality
