摘要
近年来,我国居民可支配收入状况备受社会和学界关注。基于2011—2019年国家统计局、中国家庭金融调查(CHFS)以及OECD收入分配数据库等资料,采用国际视野对比分析近十年我国居民人均可支配收入进展。特征事实显示,我国居民人均可支配收入水平已超过OECD个别国家,收入结构趋近于法国,收入差距在缓慢下降,农民、西部居民和退休群体的可支配收入较低。基于基尼系数分解结果,研究从三次分配视角指出我国当前收入分配仍存在市场秩序不规范、再分配制度不完善以及第三次分配调节功能有限等不利因素。最后,从规范初次分配秩序、精准优化税收及社保支出、多方强化教育投资等方面提出优化收入分配制度的对策建议,为在高质量发展中扎实推动共同富裕提供理论参考。
In recent years,the situation of per capita disposable income has attracted the attention from the pub⁃lic and the academia.Based on the data from National Bureau of Statistics in China,China Household Finance Sur⁃vey,and Income Distribution Database from OECD in the period of 2011-2019,this paper conducts a comparative analysis of per capita disposable income in recent 10 years in China in a global view.Stylized facts demonstrate that,the level of per capita disposable income in China has surpassed several countries in OECD,income structure tends to be equal to the situation in France,and the income gap is slowly declining,while the per capita disposable income of farmers,residents from the West,and the elderly is still low.Based on the Gini Coefficient decomposition results,and from the perspective of three-level income distribution,this paper points out that the current income dis⁃tribution in China still has such unfavorable factors as the disorder of market environment,the imperfect design of re⁃distribution system,and limited regulating functions of tertiary distribution.Finally,this paper puts forward such so⁃lution proposals for improving the income distribution system as normalizing the order of the primary distribution,ac⁃curately optimizing the tax and social security spending,and making more investment in the education field through several parties,so as to provide theoretical reference for making solid advances toward common prosperity in the high-quality development.
作者
柴国俊
王玥
田学斌
CHAI Guojun;WANG Yue;TIAN Xuebin(School of Business,Hebei University of Economics and Business,Shijiazhuang 050061,China;Research Center of Regional and Industrial Development,Hebei University of Economics and Business,Shijiazhuang 050061,China)
出处
《经济论坛》
2023年第12期76-86,共11页
Economic Forum
关键词
居民人均可支配收入
基尼系数
共同富裕
转移支付
Per capita disposable income
Gini Coefficient
Common prosperity
Transfer payment
