摘要
荷马在其被视为“西方最古老的史诗”《伊利亚特》里将女性人物定位为“他者”,由此开启西方史诗对女性的“自我”之探索。在西方史诗史上,随着史诗从“原始史诗”向“文学史诗”发展,史诗里的女性形象慢慢脱离“他者”而向“自我”演进。本文在分析“原始史诗”之代表《伊利亚特》中女性人物的基础上,进一步阐明:弥尔顿在“文学史诗之冠”《失乐园》中改写了荷马史诗传统中女性之“他者”定位。首先,《失乐园》的史诗英雄虽名为亚当夏娃之整体,但很大程度上乃史诗中唯一的女性夏娃之个体,弥尔顿在塑造史诗英雄的过程中将其主要关注锁定在夏娃身上。其次,诗人始终突显夏娃的“自我”,不仅展示了夏娃因“原初自我”中的“自恋”“自傲”而堕落的经过,而且呈现了夏娃通过“自省”“自知”“自赎”而将“自我”重构为“生态自我”并获得精神再生的过程。女性人物在史诗中的重新定位是弥尔顿对史诗传统的重要贡献之一。
Homer,in The Iliad which is considered as“the most ancient western epic”,positions the women characters as the Other,hence igniting the exploration of the Self in western epics.In the western epic history,as the epic develops from the Primary Epic to the Literary Epic,its women images evolve gradually from the Other towards the Self.The present essay,based on an analysis of Homeric epic tradition of positioning women as the Other in The Iliad,the representative of the former,expounds that in Paradise Lost,the crown of the latter,Milton rewrites the woman image of the Other.Firstly,the epic hero,though seemingly designated by Milton on the totality of Adam and Eve,turns out to be Eve to a large extent,who is essentially the only woman in the epic,and Milton locks his focus on Eve in the whole process of characterizing the epic hero.Secondly,all through the epic,Milton tends to highlight Eve’s Self,unveiling not only the process of Eve’s degeneration because of her narcissus and self-pride in her Original Self,but also the procedures during which she reconstructs her Self as the Ecological Self and retains her spiritual regeneration by undergoing self-reflection,self-identification and self-salvation.Rewriting the woman image in the epic constitutes one of Milton’s important contributions to the epic tradition.
作者
吴玲英
李蒙蒙
WU Ling-ying;Li Meng-meng(School of Foreign Languages,Central South University,Changsha,Hunan 410083,China)
出处
《湘潭大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第1期142-149,共8页
Journal of Xiangtan University:Philosophy And Social Sciences
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目“英国16、17世纪史诗与英吉利民族命运共同体想象之研究”(20BWW052)
国家社会科学基金重大项目“弥尔顿作品集整理、翻译与研究”(19ZDA298)的阶段性成果
