摘要
为进一步提高甘蔗单位面积产量,合理的种植密度和深度一直是常用的栽培技术手段。但在增加产量的同时,往往忽略了对甘蔗倒伏的影响。为确定不同种植密度和深度对甘蔗产量及倒伏的影响,以甘蔗品种中糖3号为试验材料进行研究,试验共设计3.0、4.5、6.0、7.5芽/m^(2)四个种植密度梯度及浅植(30 cm)、深植(40 cm)2种种植深度,对甘蔗的农艺性状、倒伏相关指数(根系倒伏与茎秆倒伏)和产量等进行测定。结果表明:随着甘蔗生育期不断推进,甘蔗根系和茎秆安全系数逐渐降低,在下种后180 d甘蔗根系倒伏和茎秆倒伏风险较大,处于敏感时期。种植密度从3芽/m^(2)增加至6芽/m^(2),甘蔗产糖量(+32%)和产量(+36%)显著增加,同时甘蔗的茎秆倒伏抗性也随之增加。但进一步增加种植密度到7.5芽/m^(2)时,产糖量和产量没有进一步显著增加,但增加了甘蔗的根倒伏风险。与种植深度30 cm相比,种植深度40 cm具有增加甘蔗产糖量(+2.8%)和产量(+4.8%)的趋势,二者差异不显著。因此,综合甘蔗产糖量、产量及抗倒伏等多个性状,认为种植深度40 cm,种植密度为6芽/m^(2)可以在保证产量和产糖量的同时,提高甘蔗的倒伏抗性。
Reasonable planting density and depth are the common cultivation techniques to increase sugarcane yield per unit area.However,the effect on sugarcane lodging is often neglected when the yield is increased.Sugarcane variety Zhongtang 3 was used as the experimental material to determine the effect of different planting density and depth on the yield and lodging.Four planting density 3.0,4.5,6.0 and 7.5 buds/m^(2) and two planting depth of shallow planting(30 cm)and deep planting(40 cm)were designed in the experiment.The agronomic characters,lodging related index(root lodging and stalk lodging)and yield of sugarcane were measured.The results showed that as the growth period of sugarcane continued to advance,the safety factor of sugarcane root and stem gradually decreased,and the risk of root lodging and stem lodging of sugarcane was higher at 180 days after planting,which was in a sensitive period.When the planting density increased from 3 buds/m^(2) to 6 buds/m^(2),sugar yield(+32%)and yield(+36%)of sugarcane were significantly increased,and the stem lodging resistance of sugarcane was also increased.However,when the planting density was further increased to 7.5 buds/m^(2),the sugar yield and yield did not increase significantly,but the risk of root lodging was increased.Compared with planting depth of 30 cm,planting depth of 40 cm had a tendency to increase sugar yield(+2.8%)and yield(+4.8%),although there was no significant difference between them.Therefore,considering sugar yield,yield and lodging resistance of sugarcane,we believe that planting depth of 40 cm and planting density of 6 buds/m^(2) can improve lodging resistance of sugarcane while ensuring yield and sugar yield.
作者
刘富成
李照杰
蔡文伟
吴伟
LIU Fucheng;LI Zhaojie;CAI Wenwei;WU Wei(College of Tropical Crops,Hainan University/Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops of Hainan Provincial,Haikou,Hainan 570228,China;Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China)
出处
《热带作物学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第2期330-339,共10页
Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(No.32060442)。
关键词
甘蔗
种植深度
种植密度
倒伏
产量
sugarcane
planting depth
planting density
lodging
production
