摘要
香蕉是富含营养物质且具有重要经济价值的热带水果,也是中国南方四大水果之一。香蕉是一种典型的呼吸跃变型果实,采后乙烯的大量释放使香蕉在贮藏过程中加快成熟和衰老,影响香蕉贮藏保鲜及经济价值。因此有必要研究提高香蕉采后贮藏品质的技术方法,为实践应用提供理论依据。本研究以采后香蕉为材料,分别通过UV-C辐照、柠檬酸浸泡以及二者的复合处理3种方法处理香蕉,在温度为(20±2)℃、湿度为60%~70%的条件下黑暗贮藏12 d,分别于贮藏期的第1、6、9、12天对各组进行随机取样,通过测定硬度、失重率、可滴定酸含量、可溶性固形物含量等生理和品质指标,研究不同处理方法对采后香蕉贮藏品质的影响。结果表明:3.96×10^(-2)KJ/m^(2)UV-C辐照和复合处理(3.96×10^(-2)KJ/m^(2)UV-C辐照+2.0%柠檬酸)对香蕉的保鲜效果明显优于柠檬酸处理,表现为显著抑制果实硬度的下降,延缓失重率的增加,抑制可溶性固形物含量的增加和可滴定酸含量的下降,维持果实糖酸比。在贮藏结束时,与CK相比,UV-C辐照和复合处理的香蕉硬度分别增加9.09%和13.63%,失重率分别减少22.00%和11.43%,糖酸比分别减少40.00%和42.30%。此外,UV-C辐照和复合处理有效抑制了香蕉黄酮类物质、酚类物质和维生素C含量的下降,提高了果实DPPH自由基清除率和抗氧化能力。在贮藏结束时,与CK相比,UV-C辐照和复合处理的维生素C含量分别增加了0.82%和1.27%,总多酚含量分别增加了25.92%和41.65%,总黄酮含量均增加了约30.00%,DPPH自由基清除率分别增加了13.98%和36.59%。综上所述,UV-C辐照和复合处理均可提高采后香蕉贮藏品质,延长其货架期。因此,可以选用该方法作为绿色、安全有效的香蕉采后保鲜技术。
Banana is a tropical fruit rich in nutrients and has important economic value.It is also one of the four major fruits in South China.Banana is a typical climacteric fruit.The release of ethylene in banana after harvest could accel-erate the ripening and senescence of banana during postharvest storage,which would affect the storage freshness and economic value of banana.Therefore,it is necessary to explore the technology of improving banana postharvest storage quality,thus providing theoretical basis for practical application.In this study,postharvest bananas were treated by UV-C irradiation,citric acid immersion and the combination treatment,respectively.The bananas were stored in the dark for 12 days at a temperature of(20±2)℃and a humidity of 60%-70%,and randomly sampled on the 1st,6th,9th and 12th day for each treatment during the storage period.The effects of the three methods on postharvest banana stor-age quality were studied by measuring physiological and quality indexes,such as hardness,weight loss rate,titratable acid content,and soluble solid content.The results indicated that the treatment with UV-C irradiation at the dose of 3.96×10^(-2) KJ/m^(2) and combined treatment(3.96×10^(-2) KJ/m^(2) UV-C irradiation together with 2.0%citric acid soak)resulted in better freshness effects than that of citric acid treatment,showing that the decrease of fruit hardness was sig-nificantly inhibited,the increase of weight loss rate was delayed,the increase of soluble solid content and the decrease of titratable acidity content were inhibited,and the sugar-acid ratio were maintained.At the end of storage,UV-C irra-diation and combined treatment increased the hardness of bananas by 9.09%and 13.63%,reduced weight loss by 22.00%and 11.43%,and decreased sugar-acid ratio by 40.00%and 42.30%,respectively,compared with the control group.In addition,UV-C irradiation and combined treatment effectively inhibited the decrease of flavonoids,phenols and vitamin C contents,and improved the DPPH free radical scavenging rate and antioxidant capacity.At the end of storage,UV-C irradiation and combined treatment increased the vitamin C contents of bananas by 0.82%and 1.27%,the total polyphenol contents by 25.92%and 41.65%,the total flavonoids contents by about 30.00%,and DPPH radical scavenging rate by 13.98%and 36.59%,respectively,compared with the control group.In conclusion,both UV-C irra-diation and combined treatment can improve storage quality and prolong shelf life of postharvest bananas.Therefore,these two methods can be used as green,safe and effective post-harvest preservation technologies for bananas.
作者
易茜
吴宁
李景原
王瀚博
张亮
YI Qian;WU Ning;LI Jingyuan;WANG Hanbo;ZHANG Liang(College of Life Science,Henan Normal University,Xinxiang,Henan 453007,China)
出处
《热带作物学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第2期415-423,共9页
Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(No.32170339)
河南省自然科学基金项目(No.212300410049)。
