摘要
刑法谦抑原则建立在法律对政治权力的有效抑制的理论基础以及刑法系统功能分出的社会基础上。刑法谦抑成为刑法系统自我指涉与外部指涉的沟通语义结构,为国家暴力的正当化使用提供必要条件。刑法谦抑的“话语—制度”构建,推动了政治系统与刑法系统结构上的耦合机制。暴力适用的合法化(政治权力运作)与个体权利保护(刑法规范运作)并不矛盾,权利与权力具有共生特点。面对当代社会中系统与系统性危害的不断涌现,刑法的适用范围有所扩张,且这种扩张具有正当性。不能将刑法谦抑原则仅仅限定为刑法系统对政治权力决策的外部指涉。借助社会沟通的无主体属性,将刑法谦抑理论视为识别社会诸领域危害的语义结构,这与传统行为主义刑法观下的规范理论具有显著区别。这种路径并不意味着放弃行为概念,而是用功能主义去改造刑法谦抑原则的实质内涵,推动个体权利体系的更新,创造系统沟通连接新的可能性。
The last resort principle of criminal law is based on the theoretical basis of the effective suppression of political power by law and the social basis of functional differentiation of the criminal law system.The last resort nature of criminal law has become a semantic structure for communication between self-reference and external-reference in the criminal law system,providing necessary conditions for the legitimate use of state violence.The discourse of the last resort nature of criminal law-institutional construction-has promoted the mechanism of structural coupling between the political system and the criminal law system.The legitimacy of violence(the operation of political power)and the protection of individual rights(the operation of criminal-law norms)are not contradictory,and rights and power enjoy the feature of being able to be co-existent.Faced with the continuous emergence of systems and systemic hazards in the contemporary society,the scope of application of criminal law has been expanded,and such expansion is legitimate.The principle of last resort of criminal law cannot be limited to the external reference of the criminal law system to political power decision-making.By leveraging the non-subjective nature of social communication,the theory of last resort of criminal law is seen as a semantic structure for identifying harm in various fields of society,which is significantly different from the normative theory under the traditional behaviorist criminal law perspective.This approach does not mean the abandoning of the concept of behavior,but using functionalism to transform the substantive connotation of the principle of last resort of criminal law,promoting the updating of the individual rights system,and creating new possibilities for systematic communication and connection.
出处
《政治与法律》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第3期103-115,共13页
Political Science and Law
基金
国家社科基金一般项目“刑事司法解释‘参照适用’问题研究”(项目编号:23BFX129)的研究成果。
关键词
刑法谦抑
社会系统论
沟通连接
沟通媒介
刑法功能主义
Last Resort of Criminal Law
Social System Theory
Communication and Connection
Communicative Medium
Criminal-Law Functionalism
