摘要
检验医学实验室检测的标本通常以血液样本为主,血液样本的质量决定检测结果的准确性。检验医学中的绝大多数错误通常发生在整个检测过程的分析外阶段,特别是分析前阶段。其中,采集不合格检测的标本(由于体积或质量不合格)是迄今为止所有实验室错误的最常见来源,因此需要采取紧急策略,以提高血液样本质量并管理不合格标本检测产生的数据。关于血液样本的不合格原因通常有以下几点原因,溶血样品是临床实验室标本不合格的最常见原因,其次是样本量不足或不适当,生物样品收集在错误的容器中和不适当的凝血。较为不常见的导致样品质量受损的原因包括输液(即最常见的生理盐水或葡萄糖溶液)的污染,采血管添加剂的交叉污染,不适当的样品储存条件或反复冻融。因此,文章旨在总结目前关于最常见的不合格血液样本类型,以及如何预防和管理这些分析前不合格血液样本的初步建议。
The specimens tested in laboratory testing medicine are usually based on blood samples,the quality of which determines the accuracy of the test results.The vast majority of errors in laboratory medicine usually occur in the extraanalytical phase of the entire testing process,especially in the pre-analytical phase.Of these,the collection of specimens for substandard testing(due to volume or quality failure) is by far the most common source of all laboratory errors,and urgent strategies are needed to improve blood sample quality and manage the data generated by substandard specimen testing.With regard to the usual causes of substandard blood samples,hemolyzed samples are the most common cause of substandard specimens in clinical laboratories,followed by insufficient or inappropriate sample volume,biological samples collected in the wrong containers and inappropriate clotting.Less common causes of compromised sample quality include contamination of the infusion solution(i.e.,most commonly saline or dextrose solution),cross-contamination of blood collection tube additives,inappropriate samples torage conditions or repeated freezing and thawing.Therefore,the purpose of this article is to summarize current information on the most common types of substandard blood samples,as well as preliminary recommendations on how to prevent and manage these pre-analytical substandard blood samples.
作者
黄鹏燕
段淼慧
HUANG Pengyan;DUAN Miaohui(Medical Laboratory Center,Southern Central Hospital of Yunnan Province/the First People's Hospital of Honghe State,Mengzi Yunnan 661100,China)
出处
《中国卫生标准管理》
2024年第4期158-161,共4页
China Health Standard Management
