摘要
为提高长江流域油菜育种效率,根据2018-2020国家冬油菜品种试验结果,利用方差分析、相关分析及通径分析等方法分析了长江流域油菜农艺性状、产量的构成差异,以探讨我国长江流域油菜育种策略。结果发现,长江上游组中密度、株高、每角粒数、苗期长势以及抗倒性与油菜产量显著正相关,病情指数与产量显著负相关,单株有效角果数对产量直接通径系数最大,为0.665;长江中游组株高、每角粒数、千粒重、抗倒性和苗期长势与油菜产量显著正相关,病情指数和全生育期与产量显著负相关,单株有效角果数对产量直接作用最大,为0.529;长江下游地区产量与株高、有效分枝数、单株有效角果数、千粒重、生育期和苗期长势显著正相关;密度、病情指数与产量负相关,对长江下游地区产量影响最大的是千粒重,直接通径系数为0.694。综合考虑,在育种策略上应加强群体选择;其中,长江上游和中游地区在常规选择基础上,要加强角粒数和抗倒性选择;长江下游地区应该在保障单株有效角果数前提下注重籽粒千粒重选择。
To improve efficiency of Brassica napus breeding,analysis were carried out for differences in agronomic traits and yield components of rapeseed in the Yangtze River Basin according to the national winter rapeseed test from 2018 to 2020.Results showed that in the upper area of the Yangtze River,density,plant height,seed numbers per silique,seedlings growth and lodging resistance were significantly positively correlated with yield.Disease index was significantly negatively correlated with yield,and the maximum direct path coefficient of effective silique numbers per plant to yield was 0.665.In the middle area of the Yangtze River,plant height,seed numbers per silique,1000-seed weight,lodging resistance and seedling growth were significantly positively correlated with yield,and the number of effective silique numbers per plant had the largest direct effect on yield of 0.529,but disease index and whole growth period were significantly negatively correlated with yield.In the lower area of the Yangtze River,yield was positively correlated with plant height,effective branch number,effective pod number,1000-seed weight,growth period and seedling growth,and the density and disease index were negatively correlated with yield.The 1000-seed weight had the greatest impact on yield in the lower area of the Yangtze River,and the direct path coefficient was 0.694.In breeding strategies,population selection should be strengthened,varieties with strong lodging resistance and more seeds per silique should be strengtheneded in the upper-and middle-areas of the Yangtze River.1000-seed weight of rape should be increased under the condition of sufficient effective silique numbers per plant in the lower area of the Yangtze River.
作者
黄郢
赵培森
谢伶俐
徐劲松
程勇
张学昆
许本波
HUANG Ying;ZHAO Pei-sen;XIE Ling-li;XU Jin-song;CHENG Yong;ZHANG Xue-kun;XU Ben-bo(College of Life Science,Yangtze University/Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland(Yangtze University),Jingzhou 434025,China;College of Agriculture,Yangtze University/Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland,Ministry of Education,Jingzhou 434025,China;Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Im-provement of Oil Crops,the Ministry of Agriculture and Rufal Affairs,Wuhan 430062,China)
出处
《中国油料作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期13-18,共6页
Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences
基金
农业农村部项目(15214011)
湖北省农业厅项目(鄂农油[2021]9号)。
关键词
甘蓝型油菜
产量构成
育种策略
相关分析
通径分析
Brassica napus L.
yield composition
breeding strategy
correlation analysis
path analysis
