摘要
目的了解黑龙江省≥65岁老年人群20种疾病患病因素,为老年人群疾病防治和开展健康关爱项目提供依据。方法2019—2021年,采用整群多层随机抽样方法选取黑龙江省13个地级市的62个城市社区和10个农村社区的常住居民为调查对象。使用电子问卷和纸质问卷,采取集中和入户面对面的方式进行现场调查,并对16233份问卷中的15899份有效问卷进行统计学分析。结果有10928人自述经医院诊断为患病,自述患病率为68.73%。患病率最高的前5种疾病为高血压、心脏病、糖尿病、脑血管病和颈/腰椎病。男性总体患病率为66.54%,女性总体患病率为70.36%,不同性别、年龄、城乡居民患病率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);多数疾病患病率女性高于男性(P<0.01)。年龄越大,总体患病率越高(r=1.0,P<0.01)。结论黑龙江省≥65岁老年人群自述患病率较高,年龄越大的老年人多种疾病患病率越高,应重点关注老年人的健康问题。
Objective To know the prevalence of 20 diseases among the elderly population aged 65 and above in Heilongjiang Province, and to provide a basis for the disease prevention and health care projects for the elderly population. Methods From 2019 to 2021, a cluster multi-level random sampling method was used to select 62 urban communities and 10 rural community residents from 13 cities in Heilongjiang Province as the survey subjects. With electronic and paper questionnaires, on-site surveys were conducted in a centralized and face-to-face manner, and statistical analysis was conducted on 15 899 valid questionnaires out of 16 233 questionnaires. Results 10 928 people reported being diagnosed as illness by the hospital, with a reported prevalence rate of 68.73%. The top five diseases with the highest prevalence rate were hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, cerebrovascular disease and cervical/lumbar disease. The overall prevalence rate of males was 66.54%, while that of females was 70.36%. There were statistically significant differences in prevalence rates among different genders, ages, and urban and rural residents(P<0.01). The prevalence of most diseases was higher in women than in men(P<0.01). The older the age was, the higher the overall prevalence rate was(r=1.0, P<0.01). Conclusion The self reported prevalence rate of diseases among the elderly people aged 65 and above in Heilongjiang Province is relatively high. The older the elderly is, the higher the prevalence rate of various diseases is. Therefore, it is important to focus on the health issues of the elderly.
作者
田莉
王蕾
吴殿坤
薄芳
王晓楠
宋志远
安娜
TIAN Li;WANG Lei;WU Diankun;BO Fang;WANG Xiaonan;SONG Zhiyuan;AN Na(Heilongjiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150030,China)
出处
《中国公共卫生管理》
2023年第6期897-901,共5页
Chinese Journal of Public Health Management
关键词
老年人群
患病率
单病患病
共病
elderly population
rate of prevalence
prevalence of single disease
prevalence of comorbidities
