摘要
目的:探讨执行功能与社会退缩不同亚型的关系及共情不同成分在其中的作用机制。方法:采用教师报告的幼儿社会行为教师问卷、中国版儿童共情问卷和儿童执行功能量表,对北京市677名3~6(4.94±0.92)岁幼儿(男孩356名)的社会退缩(包括沉默害羞、被动退缩、主动退缩)、共情(包括情绪感染、情感关注、亲社会行为)和执行功能进行测量。结果:对于3种社会退缩亚型,执行功能和共情的作用机制不同。执行功能负向预测沉默害羞(β=-0.23,P<0.001),共情部分中介二者关系,情绪感染和亲社会行为发挥风险性中介作用;执行功能负向预测被动退缩(β=-0.14,P<0.001),共情中情绪感染发挥风险性中介作用;执行功能负向预测主动退缩(β=-0.15,P<0.001),共情完全中介二者关系,其中情绪感染发挥风险性中介作用,亲社会行为发挥保护性中介作用。结论:执行功能对社会退缩不同亚型均具有保护性作用,执行功能全部或部分通过共情不同成分作用于个体的社会退缩表现。
Objective:To explore the relationship between executive function and subtypes of social withdrawal and the role of empathy dimensions.Methods:In 677 children aged 3~6(M=4.94,SD=0.92,356 boys),questionnaires including the Early Childhood Social Behavior Teacher Questionnaire,the Chinese Children's Empathy Questionnaire and the Children's Executive Function Scale were used to measure their social withdrawal(including silent and shy withdrawal,passive withdrawal and active withdrawal),empathy(including emotional contagion,attention to others'feelings and prosocial behavior)and executive function.Results:The executive function and empathy played different roles in three social withdrawal subtypes.The silent and shy withdrawal was negatively predicted by executive function(β=-0.23,P<0.001),and the predictive effect was partially mediated by empathy,in which emotional contagion and prosocial behavior both played risky mediating role.Passive withdrawal was negatively predicted by executive function(β=-0.14,P<0.001),and the predictive effect was partially mediated by emotional contagion,which positively predicting passive withdrawal.Active withdrawal was negatively predicted by executive function(β=-0.15,P<0.001),and the predictive effect was completely mediated by empathy,in which emotional contagion played a risky mediating role,and prosocial behavior played a protective mediating role.Conclusion:Executive function has a protective effect on different subtypes of social withdrawal,and acts wholly or partly on the individual's social withdrawal through different components of empathy.
作者
吕晋晋
王异芳
刘彤
肖伊兰
叶铭璇
黄翯青
LV Jinjin;WANG Yifang;LIU Tong;XIAO Yilan;YE Mingxuan;HUANG Heqing(College of Preschool Education,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,China;School of Psychology,Capital Normal University)
出处
《中国健康心理学杂志》
2024年第3期415-423,共9页
China Journal of Health Psychology
基金
国家社会科学基金“十四五”规划2021年度教育学一般课题(编号:BBA210040)。
关键词
执行功能
社会退缩
共情
幼儿
Executive function
Social withdrawal
Empathy
Preschooler
