摘要
目的通过职业流行病学方法,建立劳动者内外暴露相关回归分析,提出工作场所砷及其无机化合物的职业接触生物限值。方法于2021年11月,选择云南省某有色金属冶炼厂125名职业性接触砷及其无机化合物的工人作为接触组,同时选择该厂49名行政人员作为对照组。采集工作日研究对象工作场所空气样本并进行砷浓度测定,同时采集两组研究对象工作周班末尿样,使用高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱法(HPLC-ICP-MS)测定尿液中三价无机砷(As3+)、五价无机砷(As5+)、一甲基砷(MMA)、二甲基砷(DMA)的水平;分析工作场所空气中砷浓度与工人尿中各种形态砷的相关性,采用直线回归分析对接触组工人接触砷浓度和尿砷(∑iAs+MMA+DMA)水平进行回归拟合,并结合微核试验结果提出工作场所砷及其无机化合物的职业接触生物限值。结果接触组工作场所空气中砷的时间加权平均浓度(CTWA)的中位数为0.011 6 mg/m3,超标率为71.2%(89/125)。接触组工人班末尿iAs3+、iAs5+、无机砷(iAs=∑iAs3++iAs5+)、MMA、DMA和尿砷的浓度高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);接触组工作场所空气中砷的浓度与班末尿砷浓度相关性最强(rs=0.909,P<0.001);拟合回归方程为:lg(y)=7.662+2.968lg(x)(r=0.821,P<0.05)。根据我国职业砷接触限值,推算出班末尿砷浓度为53.2 μg/L。结合微核试验结果提出工作场所砷及其无机化合物的职业接触生物限值为50 μg/L。结论班末尿砷可作为职业性砷接触的生物标志物,建议将其职业接触生物限值定为50 μg/L。
Objective To establish biological exposure index(BEI)of occupational exposure to arsenic and its inorganic compounds through occupational epidemiology and the regression analysis of internal and external exposure of workers.Methods In November 2021,125 workers with occupational exposure to arsenic and its inorganic compounds and 49 office administrators in a non-ferrous metal smelter in Yunnan Province were selected as the exposure group and control group,respectively.Air samples from the workplace of the study subjects on weekdays were collected and arsenic concentrations were determined.Urine samples were collected in end-of-work weekend and high performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(HPLC-ICP-MS)was used to detect the levels of trivalent inorganic arsenic(iAs3+),pentavalent inorganic arsenic(iAs5+),monomethyl arsenic(MMA)and dimethyl arsenic(DMA)in urine.The correlations between arsenic concentration in the workplace air and arsenic species in urine of workers were analyzed.Arsenic exposure concentration and the level of urinary arsenic(∑iAs+MMA+DMA)of workers was analyzed by linear regression and the BEI of arsenic and its inorganic compounds in the workplace was proposed based on the results of micronucleus test.Results The median of time-weighted average concentration(CTWA)of arsenic in the workplace air of the exposure group was 0.0116 mg/m3,and the over-standard rate was 71.2%(89/125).The concentrations of iAs3+,iAs5+,inorganic arsenic(iAs=∑iAs3++iAs5+)、MMA、DMA and urinary arsenic in the exposure group were higher than those in the control group at the end of shift,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The concentration of arsenic in the workplace air had the strongest correlation with the concentration of urinary arsenic at the end of the shift(rs=0.909,P<0.001).The regression equation was lg(y)=7.662+2.968lg(x)(r=0.821,P<0.05).According to the occupational exposure limit(OEL)of arsenic in China,the concentration of urinary arsenic in the end-of-work weekend was calculated to be 53.2μg/L.Combined with the results of micronucleus test,the BEI of occupational exposure to arsenic and its inorganic compounds in the workplace was proposed to be 50μg/L.Conclusion The urinary arsenic in the end-of-work weekend can be used as a biomarker of occupational exposure to arsenic,and its BEI is recommended to be 50μg/L.
作者
沈悦
刘杰
丑欣
马鲲鹏
孙道远
闵珍
Shen Yue;Liu Jie;Chou Xin;Ma Kunpeng;Sun Daoyuan;Min Zhen(Physical and Chemical Laboratory of Poisoning Department,Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University,Shanghai 200433,China;Department of Occupational Diseases,Suzhou Fifth People's Hospital,Suzhou 215505,China)
出处
《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第2期84-89,共6页
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases
基金
中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制职业接触限值前期研究项目(20210203)
上海市2023年度"科技行动创新计划"国内科技合作项目(23015820200)
云南省孙道远专家工作站
中国疾病预防控制中心化学污染与健康安全重点实验室开放基金(2023CDCKL01)。
关键词
职业暴露
无机砷
一甲基砷
二甲基砷
接触生物限值
Occupational exposure
Inorganic arsenic
Monomethyl arsenic(MMA)
Dimethyl arsenic(DMA)
Biological exposure index
