摘要
基于遥感生态指数(RSEI)定量评估了1997—2021年石门台自然保护区的生态环境质量变化,探究该自然保护区建立与管控级别提升前后的生态环境质量变化情况,并运用随机森林算法和相关性分析方法探讨演变的原因。结果表明:石门台自然保护区RSEI值从1997年的0.637动态上升到2011年的0.714,随着自然保护区从省级升至国家级,生态环境质量稳步提高,2021年RSEI达到0.788;保护区生态环境质量变好的区域占比高达64.5%,其中,缓冲区改善较为明显,变差的区域主要集中在实验区人类活动频繁地区以及核心区高海拔山脊地带;RSEI对高程的响应最为明显,300~600 m生态环境质量最好,300 m以下和超过900 m生态环境质量相对较差;当土壤酸碱度为5.3、有机碳质量分数为4.1%、黏土质量分数为32%时,RSEI最高;居民活动从外向内(即实验区-缓冲区-核心区)对生态环境质量的影响程度逐渐降低且带来负面影响;时间上,RSEI与降水呈现正相关性,有23.6%的区域通过显著性检验(P<0.05),局部年份受降水的影响较大。总体上,石门台自然保护区生态环境质量变好趋势明显,今后应加强对高山顶部裸土区域以及低海拔人类活动频繁地区的保护和治理。
As an important ecological barrier in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area,Shimentai Nature Reserve aims to protect the integrity of the ecosystem and biodiversity.It was established as a provinciallevel nature reserve in 1998 and upgraded to a national level nature reserve in 2012.However,the changes in the quality of the ecological environment remain unclear.This study quantitatively assessed the changes in the ecological quality of the Shimentai Nature Reserve from 1997 to 2021 based on the Remote Sensing Ecological Index(RSEI),explored the changes in ecological quality before and after the establishment of the nature reserve and the upgrading of the control level,and discussed the reasons for the evolution using the Random Forest Algorithm and correlation analysis method.The results showed that the RSEI value of Shimentai Nature Reserve dynamically increased from 0.637 in 1997 to 0.714 in 2011,and the ecological environment quality steadily improved as the nature reserve was upgraded from the provincial to the national level;the RSEI reached 0.788 by 2021.The quality of the ecological environment has improved in 64.5%of the protected area,the buffer zone has improved more obviously,and the deteriorated areas are mainly concentrated in the experimental area where human activities are frequent and in the high-altitude ridge area in the core area.Meanwhile,the ecological environment quality of the buffer zone and the low-altitude area in the core area is adequate and relatively stable.The RSEI responded most clearly to elevation,with the best ecological quality between 300 and 600 m and relatively poorer quality above 900 m.On the slope upward with the south slope as the turning point,the quality of the ecological environment gradually improved from the north slope to the south slope in a clockwise direction,and then gradually deteriorated from the south slope to the north slope.At a cut-off point of 15°on the slope,the RSEI briefly increased and then decreased continuously.The RSEI was highest at a soil pH of 5.3,organic carbon mass fraction of 4.1%,and clay mass fraction of 32%.The degree of influence of residential activities on the quality of the ecological environment from the outside to the inside(i.e.,the experimental areabuffer area-core area)was gradually reduced and negatively affected.The RSEI was positively correlated with precipitation,23.6%of the area passed the significance test(P<0.05).The local year was influenced by precipitation,and the influence of precipitation was greater in certain years.Overall,the ecological environment quality of the Shimentai Nature Reserve has shown a clear improvement trend,and the protection and management of the bare soil areas on the top of the high mountains,and the areas of frequent human activities in the lower altitudes,should be strengthened in the future.
作者
黎毅
戴克元
唐国平
杜建会
陈桃
江南
牛香豫
余扬波
Li Yi;Dai Keyuan;Tang Guoping;Du Jianhui;Chen Tao;Jiang Nan;Niu Xiangyu;Yu Yangbo(Carbon-Water Observation and Research Station in Karst Regions of Northern Guangdong//School of Geography and Planning,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 511400,China;Shimentai National Nature Reserve Administration,Qingyuan 511500,China)
出处
《热带地理》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期429-441,共13页
Tropical Geography
基金
国家自然基金面上项目(41031472)
广东省自然基金面上项目(2023A1515012069)。
关键词
生态环境质量
遥感生态指数
时空变化
随机森林
石门台自然保护区
ecological environment quality
Remote Sensing Ecological Index(RSEI)
spatiotemporal change
random forest
Shimentai nature reserve
