摘要
目的观察在四肢和多部位骨折患者中应用自制冷敷袋的临床效果。方法选取2019年6月—2021年6月医院收治的60例四肢及多部位骨折患者作为研究对象,按照组间基本特征具有可比性的原则分为对照组和观察组,每组30例。对照组给予常规冷敷干预,观察组应用自制冷敷袋进行冷敷干预,比较两组冷敷前和冷敷12 h、24 h、48 h和72 h后的视觉模拟评分法(VAS)和肿胀分级,并统计疼痛和肿胀的症状消失时间、炎性相关并发症和冷敷不良反应发生情况。结果两组患者冷敷前至冷敷后72 h,VAS评分逐渐降低,时点间差异有统计学意义(P_(时间)<0.05),并且冷敷后各时点VAS评分均以观察组低于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P_(组间)<0.05),冷敷后两组VAS评分差异逐渐增大,48 h达最大,以后且随着观察时间延长,组间差异逐渐降低(P_(交互)<0.05)。观察组患者血清多巴胺、去甲肾上腺素、皮质醇低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者冷敷前至冷敷72 h后的肿胀分级呈逐渐降低趋势,时点间差异有统计学意义(P_(时间)<0.05),并且冷敷后各时点肿胀分级均以观察组低于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P_(组间)<0.05),冷敷后两组肿胀分级差异逐渐增大,48 h差异达最大,以后逐渐缩小且随着观察时间延长,组间差异逐渐降低(P_(交互)<0.05)。观察组疼痛症状和肿胀症状消失时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者炎性相关并发症总发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者冷敷不良反应总发生率低于对照组,但经比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论自制冷敷袋在四肢及多部位骨折的临床应用效果良好,可更有效地缓解患者疼痛和肿胀症状,促进其不适症状消失,有效地减少炎性渗出,降低并发症发生风险,并且冷敷安全性良好。
Objective To observe the clinical effect of applying homemade cold compress bags in patients with limb and multi-part fractures.Methods 60 cases of patients with limb and multi-part fractures admitted to the hospital from June 2019 to June 2021 were selected as the study object,they were divided into a control group and an observation group in accordance with the principle that the basic characteristics of the groups were comparable,with 30 cases in each group.The control group was given conventional cold compress intervention,the observation group was given homemade cold compress bag for cold compress intervention,comparing the Visual Analog Scale(VAS)and swelling grading of the two groups before and after 12 h,24 h,48 h,and 72 h of cold compress,to statistically analyzing the symptom disappearance time of pain and swelling,inflammation-related complications and the occurrence of adverse reactions to cold compress.Results The VAS scores of patients in the two groups gradually decreased from before to 72 h after cold application,the differences between time points were statistically signifi cant(P<0.05),the VAS scores of each time point after cold application were lower than those of the control group.VAS scores were lower in the observation group than in the control group,and the difference between the groups was statistically signifi cant(P<0.05).The difference between the VAS scores of the two groups gradually increased after cold application,reached the maximum at 48 h,and then the difference between the groups gradually decreased with the prolongation of the observation time(P<0.05),and the difference between the two groups was statistically signifi cant(P<0.05).The serum dopamine,norepinephrine and cortisol of patients in the observation group were lower than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically signifi cant(P<0.05).The swelling grades of patients in the two groups before to 72 h after cold application showed a trend of gradual decrease,and the difference between time points was statistically signifi cant(P<0.05),and the swelling grades of each time point after cold application were lower in the observation group than in the control group,and the difference between groups was statistically signifi cant(P<0.05),and the difference between the VAS scores of the two groups gradually increased after cold application,and the difference reached the maximum at 48 h,and then gradually narrowed down and gradually decreased with the prolongation of observation time(P<0.05),and the difference between groups gradually decreased(P<0.05).The difference between the two groups gradually decreased(P<0.05).the time for the disappearance of pain symptoms and swelling symptoms was shorter than that of the control group,the difference was statistically signifi cant(P<0.05).The total incidence of inflammation-related complications in patients in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically signifi cant(P<0.05).The total incidence of adverse reactions to cold compresses in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,the difference was not statistically signifi cant(P>0.05).Conclusion The clinical application of homemade cold compress bag in limb and multi-site fracture is effective,which can more effectively relieve the pain and swelling symptoms of patients,promote the disappearance of their discomfort symptoms,effectively reduce infl ammatory exudation,reduce the risk of complications,and the safety of cold compress is good.
作者
简冬梅
吴海丽
胡青娣
周丽敏
杨雄花
JIAN Dongmei;WU Haili;HU Qingdi;ZHOU Limin;YANG Xionghua(Xinyu Yinhe Hospital,Xinyu 338000,China)
出处
《护理实践与研究》
2024年第3期347-352,共6页
Nursing Practice and Research
基金
新余市科技计划项目(编号:20203090924)。
关键词
自制冷敷袋
四肢骨折
多部位骨折
疼痛
肿胀
炎性
Homemade cold compress bag
Limb fracture
Multi-site fracture
pain
Swelling
Inflammation
