摘要
为明确不同灌溉施肥方式对夏玉米生长、产量及水氮利用的影响,本试验以登海605(DH605)和郑单958(ZD958)为材料,设常规灌溉施肥(FP)、喷灌+种肥同播(SN)、喷灌+水肥一体化(SF100%)、喷灌+水肥一体化+减氮20%(SF80%)共4个处理,研究不同灌溉施肥方式对夏玉米干物质积累、产量及产量构成因素、水分利用效率和氮肥偏生产力的影响。结果表明,品种、灌溉施肥方式及品种和灌溉施肥互作效应显著影响夏玉米的产量、干物质积累速率、水分利用效率(WUE)和氮肥偏生产力(PFPN),SF80%处理下两年平均产量、水分利用率、氮肥偏生产力均最高。与FP、SN和SF100%处理相比,SF80%处理下DH605两年平均产量分别提高14.55%、7.66%和2.26%,水分利用率分别提高23.73%、12.61%和8.86%,氮肥偏生产力分别提高43.19%、34.58%和27.82%;ZD958两年平均产量分别提高35.93%、15.24%和7.84%,水分利用率分别提高40.81%、21.79%和11.13%,氮肥偏生产力分别提高69.91%、44.05%和34.80%。综上所述,喷灌+水肥一体化+减氮20%的灌溉施肥方式可以显著提高夏玉米产量和水氮利用效率,实现夏玉米增产增效。
In order to clarify the effects of different irrigation and fertilization modes on growth,yield and water and nitrogen utilization of summer maize,the experiment was conducted with Denghai 605(DH605) and Zhengdan 958(ZD958) as test materials.Four treatments were set as conventional irrigation and fertilization(FP),sprinkler irrigation + seed fertilizer(SN),sprinkler irrigation + integration of water and fertilizer(SF100%),sprinkler irrigation + integration of water and fertilizer + 20% nitrogen reduction(SF80%),and the effects of different irrigation and fertilization modes on dry matter accumulation,yield and its components,water use efficiency(WUE)and partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer(PFPN) of summer maize were studied.The results showed that the yield,dry matter accumulation rate,WUE and PFPN of summer maize were significantly affected by variety,irrigation and fertilization modes and their interaction.The two-year average yield,WUE and PFPN were the highest under SF80% treatment.Compared with the treatments of FP,SN and SF100%,under the SF80% treatment,the two-year average yield of DH605 increased by 14.55%,7.66% and 2.26%,while that of ZD958 increased by 35.93%,15.24% and 7.84%;the WUE of DH605 increased by 23.73%,12.61% and 8.86%,while that of ZD958 increased by 40.81%,21.79% and 11.13%;the PFPN of DH605 increased by 43.19%,34.58% and 27.82%,while that of ZD958 increased by 69.91%,44.05% and 34.80%.In summary,SF80% could significantly increase summer maize yield and water and nitrogen use efficiency,and then achieve increased yield and efficiency of summer maize.
作者
李佳
王义
肖蓉
李亮
王悦
张慧
李宗新
钱欣
王良
苏玉晓
高英波
刘开昌
Li Jia;Wang Yi;Xiao Rong;Li Liang;Wang Yue;Zhang Hui;Li Zongxin;Qian Xin;Wang Liang;Su Yuxiao;Gao Yingbo;Liu Kaichang(College of Agronomy,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China;National Engineering Laboratory of Wheat and Maize,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,China;Qihe Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Qihe 251199,China;Dongping Agricultural Development Service Center,Dongping 271599,China)
出处
《山东农业科学》
北大核心
2024年第2期104-110,共7页
Shandong Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD2300801)
山东省玉米产业技术体系创新团队项目(SDAIT-02-07)
山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程项目“小麦玉米周年吨半粮关键技术研究”(CXGC2023A17)。
关键词
夏玉米
灌溉施肥方式
水氮利用效率
产量
Summer maize
Irrigation and fertilization modes
Water and nitrogen use efficiency
Yield
