摘要
一百多年前,河南信阳地区有大量百姓迁徙到江苏、浙江、安徽、江西等省,形成了众多的河南话方言岛。其中,江苏省有四个县的方言岛今天存在入声,这些入声读[?5]调,带喉塞尾,有可能是受吴语和江淮官话的影响而新产生的。入声借入时,当地强势方言需有[?5]调,河南话方言岛需有[55]调。[?5]调的借入会带动其他短促调一起被借入,在借入后都读[?5]调。此时,如果河南话方言岛内仍然保持[55]调,新借入的入声会再经历一个喉塞尾脱落和短促调长化的过程。如果[55]调已经变读为其他声调,新借入的入声则不会继续演变。
More than 100 years ago,a large number of people fled from Xinyang,Henan Province to Jiangsu,Zhejiang,Anhui and Jiangxi,thus forming various Henan dialect islands.Among them,there are four dialect islands in Jiangsu Province where entering tone is founded today.The tone pitch of the entering tone is [?5],and it is pronounced with glottal stop.It may be that it is newly produced by the influence of Wu Dialect and Jianghuai Mandarin.When the entering tone is borrowed,the local poweful dialect should have a tone of [?5],and the Henan dialect island should have a tone of [55].The borrowing of [?5] will lead other short tones to be borrowed together,but after borrowing,they all read [?5].At this time,if there is still [55] in the dialect island of Henan dialect,the newly borrowed entering tone will go through a process of glottal stop falling off and short tone lengthening.If [55] has been changed to other tones,the newly borrowed entering tone will not continue to evolve.
作者
赵亚伟
Zhao Yawei(School of Literature and Journalism,Yantai University,Yantai 264005,China)
出处
《现代语文》
2024年第1期23-30,共8页
Modern Chinese
关键词
江苏
河南话
方言岛
入声
促化
Jiangsu
Henan dialect
dialect island
gentering tone
lottalization
