摘要
数据经济健康有序发展的关键之一就是企业数据权利的有效配置。数据的非竞争性、自然意义上的非排他性以及数据价值释放方式等决定了企业数据权利配置应以促进数据流通、提升社会生产力为价值目标。排他性专有权配置路径面临权利客体不确定、理论依据不充足等质疑,并客观上制约了数据流通,应该选择适合数据特征的新型权利路径,保护数据持有者的合法权利以建立安全有序的数据生产秩序,以数据访问利用为基础构建有效的数据流通秩序。企业数据权利配置应采结构性分置思路,构建“三位一体”的权利体系,即数据持有者享有数据使用权、流通权以及由此获得收益的权利,但其不享有长久排他性的控制权;数据来源者和数据利用者分别享有可携权和访问权,在满足特定条件时,数据持有者有提供数据的义务,以促进数据流通利用。
One of the key factors affecting the healthy and orderly development of the data economy is the effective allocation of enterprise digital rights.The allocation of enterprise digital rights should aim to realize the values of promoting data circulation and improving social productivity,which is determined by data's non-competitive and non-exclusive nature and the way to realize its value.The allocation mode of exclusive rights faces such doubts as uncertain object of rights and insufficient theoretical basis.And it also restricts data circulation in reality.So,it is necessary to choose a new rights allocation mode based on data's characteristics and build a data circulation order based on effective data access and usage to protect the legitimate rights of data holders and to establish a safe and orderly data production order.This paper suggests that the allocation of enterprise digital rights should take a category-based approach to build a uniform rights system integrating three categories of subjects,i.e.,the data holders enjoy the rights to use,circulate and benefit from the data,but they do not enjoy long-term exclusive control over data,and data producers and data users have the rights to portability and access respectively.It also proposes that the data holder owes the obligation to provide data under certain conditions so as to promote the circulation and use of data.
作者
汪渊智
李欢欢
Wang Yuanzhi;Li Huanhuan
出处
《数字法治》
2023年第6期117-134,共18页
DIGITAL LAW
