摘要
在政府对回收商实施押金返还制度下,本文研究由一个回收商和两个竞争制造商组成的闭环供应链如何同时解决成员策略优化与利润分配问题。首先采用非合作-合作两型博弈方法,通过合作博弈与非合作博弈的耦合融通构建一个闭环供应链交易模型。然后在非合作博弈部分考虑两个制造商的定价策略,形成任意竞争局势,通过纳什均衡分析制造商在考虑合作博弈部分分配利润得到的支付值时的最优价格策略与最优利润;并在合作博弈部分,应用冯·诺依曼联盟特征函数方法和Shapley值,分析非合作博弈部分形成的任意竞争局势下闭环供应链回收率、回购价和分配利润。最后通过数值实例说明,押金等相关因素对押金返还制度下闭环供应链成员的最优价格、最优回收率和最优回购价的影响,体现押金返还制度作用于回收商的效果。结果表明,在押金返还回收商的政策作用下,产品回收率上升、售价降低,促进回收再制造的效果显著,但政府与企业都需考虑合理的决策才能达到更好的效果。
The rapid development of China's economy has made the industry's characteristics of“high energy consumption and high emissions”increasingly prominent.Rapid industrialization has inevitably led to serious conflicts between China's economic development and environmental performance,and problems such as ecologi‐cal deterioration and resource depletion continue to emerge.With the continuous enhancement of public aware‐ness of environmental protection,the economic and environmental benefits generated by the recycling and remanufacturing of waste products and closed-loop supply chains have gradually been valued and recognized by all sectors of society.But the profits brought by remanufacturing activities to manufacturers are not enough to motivate them to actively participate in recycling and remanufacturing production activities,and the government can play a promoting role.Hereby,how the members of the closed-loop supply chain can simultaneously optimize pricing decisions and profit distribution when the government implements the deposit return system for recyclers has become an interesting issue.In this paper,a noncooperative-cooperative biform game of a closed-loop supply chain with a recycler and two competing manufacturers is established under the deposit return system implemented to recycler by the government,and the influence of deposit refund system on member strategy selection and profit distribution in the closed-loop supply chain is studied.A supply chain transaction model that integrates the non-cooperative part and the cooperative part is constructed through coupling integra‐tion of cooperative game and non-cooperative game.In the non-cooperative part,continuous price strategy of two manufacturers which named situation in the closed-loop supply chain is constructed.Then the Nash equilibrium is used to analyze manufacturer's optimal price strategy and optimal profit of members when considering the payment value from the cooperative part.In the cooperation part,von Neumann alliance characteristic function and Shapley value are used to analyze the decision-making and profit distribution of the closed-loop supply chain under any competition situation formed by the non-cooperative part.Finally,a numeri‐cal analysis is given to illustrate how deposit or other factors affect the members’optimal decision of the noncooperative-cooperative biform game under the deposit return system,which reflects the effect of the deposit return system on recycler.The results show that(1)The return of the deposit to the recycler increases the product recovery rate and the sales price,which promotes the recycling and remanufacturing of waste products and the profitability of supply chain members,but the government should pay attention to the reasonable setting of the deposit.(2)Recycling difficulty and cost of recycling influence decisions of recyclers and manufacturers.Excessive difficulty or high cost is not conducive to recycling and remanufacturing.Hence,enterprise managers should consider appropriate recycling strategies and upgrade their technology accordingly.(3)The cost advantage of recycling and remanufacturing can provide an incentive for manufacturers to take an active part in recycling and remanufacturing,and thus reap higher benefits.
作者
黄春香
李登峰
Huang Chunxiang;Li Dengfeng(School of Management and Economics,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu 611731,China)
出处
《中国管理科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第2期166-177,共12页
Chinese Journal of Management Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(72071032)。
关键词
押金返还制度
闭环供应链
制造商竞争
非合作-合作两型博弈
deposit refund system
closed-loop supply chain
manufacturer competition
noncooperative-cooperative biform game
