摘要
清代慈善组织数量众多、分布广泛,不仅发挥了施善的作用,也深深嵌入到地方法律治理之中。以养济院为代表的官办慈善组织,逐步打破原籍地收养主义,将军流人犯之年老、笃疾者纳入收养范围。各类民办慈善组织,则在治安维持与盗贼缉捕、司法审判与刑罚执行、命案检验与尸体管控等领域发挥了重要作用。官办与民办慈善组织的创设与运转,均是官民互动的结果,展现了官民合作模式的动态演变,反映出国家与社会之间关系的多面性与复杂性。从地方法律治理出发,慈善组织被定位为发挥政府法律治理职能的延伸机构,带有明显的官方主导色彩。
The numerous and widely distributed charitable organizations of the Qing Dynasty not only played a role in charity and edification,but also were deeply embedded in local legal governance.The government-run charitable organizations,represented by Yangjiyuan(Charity),gradually broke away from nativism by adopting elderly and disabled convicts.Various private charitable organizations play an important role in maintaining order,arresting thieves,operating judicial trials,enforcing penalties,examining murder cases and controlling corpses.The creation and operation of government-run and privately-run charitable organizations are the result of interaction between the government and the people,demonstrating the dynamic evolution of cooperation between the two,and reflecting the multidimensionality and complexity of the relationship between the state and society.From the perspective of local legal governance,charitable organizations are positioned as an extension of the government's legal governance function,with a clear official dominance.
作者
姜翰
JIANG Han(School of Law,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China)
出处
《西南大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第2期264-276,共13页
Journal of Southwest University(Social Sciences Edition)
基金
国家社会科学基金优秀博士论文出版项目“收所习艺:清季刑罚转型中的本土资源”(23FYB028),项目负责人:姜翰。
关键词
慈善组织
法律治理
第三领域
刑罚执行
charitable organizations
legal governance
the third sphere
execution of penalties
