摘要
全氟及多氟烷基化合物(per-andpolyfluoroalkylsubstances,PFAS)前体物质是环境中许多PFAS的间接来源,广泛应用于食品包装、消防灭火泡沫、金属电镀、纺织涂料及农药等领域。由于PFAS前体物质能够在环境中发生转化以及分析测试方法的限制,其存在往往被忽视。PFAS前体物质自身的生物学毒性已被证实,如干扰母体内胎儿的正常发育、诱导免疫毒性和细胞凋亡等。深入探究PFAS前体物质在不同环境介质中的迁移转化规律是对其进行污染控制的关键。结合近年来国内外研究,对PFAS前体物质的主要来源、赋存特征及在大气、土壤和水体等环境介质中的迁移和转化行为研究进行了综述。结果表明,前体物质在全球范围内的水体、土壤、悬浮颗粒物、沉积物和大气中均有检出。在迁移过程中,水体是PFAS前体物质污染主要的载体,土壤、悬浮颗粒物和沉积物主要起滞留作用,而通过大气进行的长距离迁移是极端地区污染的重要来源。除此之外,PFAS前体物质在环境介质中的滞留和迁移往往伴随转化行为,生成更稳定的PFAS持续危害生态环境和生物健康。文章可以为PFAS前体物质及PFAS的污染防控提供参考和依据。
Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)precursors are indirect sources of many PFAS in the environment,widely utilized in various fields such as food packaging,firefighting foams,metal plating,textile coatings,and pesticides.Due to the transformation of PFAS precursors in the environment and limitations in analytical testing methods,PFAS precursors are often neglected.The biological toxicity of PFAS precursors has been confirmed,including their interference with normal fetal development,induction of immunotoxicity,and cell apoptosis in the mother's body.Moreover,PFAS precursors can transform into stable PFAS,posing sustained hazards to the ecological environment and biological health.Investigating the transport and transformation behavior of PFAS precursors in different environmental media is crucial to their contaminant control.Based on recent researches,this study provides a comprehensive review of the major sources and existence characteristics of PFAS precursors,as well as their transport and transformation behaviors in environmental media such as the atmosphere,soil,and water bodies.The results indicate that PFAS precursors have been widely detected in water bodies,soils,suspended particulate matter(SPM),sediments,and the atmosphere worldwide.During the transport process,water bodies are the main carriers of PFAS precursors,while soils,SPM,and sediments mainly play a role in retention.In addition,long-distance transport through the atmosphere is an important source of pollution in extreme areas.Furthermore,the retention and migration of PFAS precursors in environmental media often accompany transformation,resulting in producing PFAS that endangers the ecological environment and biological health continuously.This article reviews the research progress on the migration and transformation of PFAS precursors in the environment,aiming to provide the basis for the pollution prevention and control of PFAS precursors and PFAS.
作者
金宵卉
阎妮
JIN Xiaohui;YAN Ni(Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology,Ministry of Education,College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao,Shandong 266100,China;Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao,Shandong 266100,China)
出处
《水文地质工程地质》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第2期35-49,共15页
Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(42277052)
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(41907161)。
