摘要
在火炬点火失败的情况下,一旦地面人员或其他敏感目标接触的气体达到可燃下限浓度并发生延迟点火时,将会导致人员伤亡、财产损失或对环境造成影响,针对火炬放空时点火失败这一事件场景,采用三维CFD模拟软件对火炬放空扩散及扩散后可能发生的可燃气云爆炸进行模拟。考虑了火炬实际放空流量、火炬直径、风速以及风向等影响因素,模拟火炬放空时可燃气体云团浓度分布情况,然后根据扩散结果进行气体爆炸后果模拟。研究表明:火炬点火失败情况下,放空扩散所形成的可燃气体云团被点燃时,主要伤害事件是闪火,闪火的影响范围远高于地面且大于火炬头高度;火炬放空所形成的可燃气体云团被点燃时所形成的爆炸超压较低,在地面形成的爆炸超压基本可忽略;闪火及爆炸超压均不会对地面人员产生伤害。火炬点火失败情况下放空扩散和爆炸模拟的结果,为火炬放空时点火失败事件的应急响应提供了数据支撑。
Once the ground personnel or other sensitive targets are exposed to gases that reach the lower flammable concentration and delayed ignition,the failed ignition of flare may result in injury,death,property loss or environmental impacts.In view of the event of failed ignition of flare venting,the simulation software of three-dimensional CFD is used to simulate the flare venting diffusion and the possible gas cloud explosions after diffusion.The actual venting rate,flare diameter,wind direction and wind speeds are considered in the study.The gas concentration distributions during venting are simulated,and the explosion simulations are performed based on the gas dispersion simulation results.The study shows that when the combustible gases cloud that are formed by venting diffusion are ignited due to failed flare ignition,the injurious event is flash fire and its influence range is much higher than the ground and greater than the height of flare head.For another thing,when the combustible gases formed by venting diffusion are ignited due to failed flare ignition,the explosion overpressure that was on the ground is lower,which can be ignored.Hence,neither the flash fire nor the explosion overpressure will cause injury to ground personnel.Even more to the point,the results of venting diffusion and explosion simulation during the failed flare ignition will provide information and support for emergency response.
作者
孙全军
石一丁
费普鸿
葛天明
王子赫
SUN Quanjun;SHI Yiding;FEI Puhong;GE Tianming;WANG Zihe(Tianjin Oil and Gas Branch of Beijing Pipeline Co.,Ltd.,Pipe China;Beijing Worley Engineering Technology Co.,Ltd.)
出处
《石油石化节能与计量》
CAS
2024年第3期27-31,共5页
Energy Conservation and Measurement in Petroleum & Petrochemical Industry
关键词
火炬放空
点火失败
CFD
扩散模拟
爆炸模拟
应急响应
flare venting
failed ignition
CFD
dispersion simulation
explosion simulation
emergency response
