摘要
煤矿开采是全世界应对不断增加的能源需求的主要手段.但随着煤矿开采,区域生态系统遭到不同程度的破坏,导致“碳汇”能力下降.植被恢复是矿区退化的生态系统和固碳功能恢复的基础.然而,目前尚未对全球范围内煤矿区植被恢复对土壤有机碳(SOC)的影响进行系统研究,因此无法准确预测全球SOC库对植被恢复的响应.通过搜集同行评议的112篇文章中植被恢复的土壤理化性质,以评估煤矿区植被恢复类型、土壤深度、恢复年份、年均温、年降水量和海拔等对SOC的影响,并明确相关的关键驱动因素.结果表明,受损煤矿区通过植被恢复能够显著改善土壤的理化性质,植被恢复后土壤相较于未恢复或自然恢复SOC储量提升了39.02%.当不考虑环境因素时,利于SOC储量积累的植被恢复类型为:农田>林地>草地>灌木林. 4种类型的植被恢复对表层(0~20 cm)SOC储量均得到显著增加,草地和灌木能显著增加深层(>40 cm)的SOC储量,而林地和农田类型下深层的SOC储量与未恢复或自然恢复后的SOC储量无显著差异.植被恢复后SOC储量的增加趋势会随着土壤深度的增加而降低.具体的植被恢复策略应根据气候条件选择合适的植被类型.受损煤矿区在年均温<0℃和年均降水<500 mm的环境下,固碳效应较高的植被恢复类型为草地和灌木林,而在年均温>15℃和年降水量>800 mm的环境下,林地和农田恢复类型能够更好地增加SOC储量. TN、 BD、 AN和AK是影响土壤固碳能力的主要因素.研究可为量化受损煤矿区不同植被恢复措施的固碳效果和退化生态系统的恢复与重建提供理论参考.
Coal mining is the world's primary means of coping with an increasing energy demand.However,with the mining of coal,the regional ecosystem has been damaged to varying degrees,resuling in a decrease in the''carbon sink"capacity.V egetation restoration is the basis for the restoration of degraded ecosystems and carbon sequestration functions in mining areas.However,no systematice studies have been conducted on the ffecs of vegetation restoration on soil organic carbon in coal mining areas on a global scale.Therefore,it is not possible to accurately predict the response of the global SOC pool to veation restoration.In his study,soil physicochemical properties of vegetation restoration were ollected from 112 peer reviewed articles to assess the efes of vegelation restoration type,soil depth,restoration year,mean annual temperature,annual precipitation,and elevation on soil organic carbon in coal mining areas and to identify relevant key drivers.The resuls showed that the damaged coal mine area could significantly improve the physicochenical properties of the soil through vegelation rstoration.The restored soils had 39.02%higher S0C reserves compared to that in urestored or naturally restred soils.W hen environmental factors were not considered,the vegetation restoration types that were favorable for SOC stock accumulation were ecropland>woodland>grassland>shrubland.All four types of vegelation rstoration sigifcanly increased the S0C storage in the surface layer(0-20 cm).Grassland and shrubs sgnifcanly increased SOC storage at depth(>40 cm),whereas Ss0C slorage at depth under wodland and frmland types was not sinificanly dfferent from S0C storage after unrestored or natural restoration.The increasing trend of SOC storage after vegelation restoration decreased wih incrasing soil depth.The speific vegelation restoration sralegy should select the apropiate vegetaion type acording to the climatic conditions.The types of vegelation restoration with higher carbon sequestration efects in damaged coal mining areas with mean annual temperature<0 C and mean annual precipitation<500 mm were gassland or shrubland.In contast,wodland and cropland restoration types could better increase SOC storage in environments with mean annual temperature>15'C and annual precipitation>800 mm.TN,BD,AN,and AK were the main faclors infuencing the ability to afeet soil carbon sequestration.This study can provide a theoretical reference for quantifying the carbon sequestration eects of diferent vegetation restoration measures in damaged coal mining areas and the restoration and reconstruction of degraded ecosystems.
作者
李健明
康雨欣
蒋福祯
宋明丹
祁凯斌
卢素锦
李正鹏
LI Jian-ming;KANG Yu-xin;JIANG Fu-zhen;SONG Ming-dan;QI Kai-bin;LU Su-jn;LI Zheng-peng(Academy of Agriculure and Forestry Sciences,Qinghai University,Xining 80016,China;College of Eco-environmental Engineering,Qinghai University,Xining 810016 China)
出处
《环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期1629-1643,共15页
Environmental Science
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3201605)
青海省重点研发与转化计划项目(2021-SF-170)。
关键词
煤矿区
植被恢复
土壤有机碳储量
土壤特性
森林
草地
农田
灌木林
coal mine
vegetation restoration
soil organic carbon stocks
soil properties
woodland
grassland
cropland
shrubland
