摘要
目的:基于健康生态学模型分析潍坊市居民自测健康状况并探讨其影响因素,为改善居民健康状况提供参考依据。方法:采用分层随机抽样方法选取调查对象,应用自测健康评定量表及自制人口学资料问卷进行调查,利用SPSS26.0对数据进行描述性分析、Pearson相关分析、单因素方差分析并利用多元线性回归探讨潍坊市居民自测健康状况的影响因素。结果:共回收问卷704份,其中有效问卷668份,问卷有效率为94.89%。668例居民的自测健康总分为324.78±49.61分。其中,生理健康子量表汇总得分为123.19±19.81分,心理健康子量表汇总得分为111.66±21.65分,社会健康子量表汇总得分为89.61±18.37分;多元线性回归结果显示,患慢性病情况、睡眠时间、锻炼频率、参加健康教育活动情况、家庭成员关系、就业状况、签约家庭医生情况、经济状况、居住条件、医疗服务可及性、养老保险情况均为潍坊市居民自测健康总分的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:潍坊市居民自测健康水平有待提升,健康生态学模型的五个维度中均存在对潍坊市居民自测健康总分有影响的因素。因此,应从个体行为、环境、政策等角度有针对性地综合施措,提高潍坊市居民的健康水平。
Objective To analyze the self-rated health status of Weifang residents and its influencing factors based on health ecology model(HEM),and provide evidence for improving the residents'health status.Methods The respondents were chosen by using stratified random sampling method and surveyed with self-rated health measurement scale(SRHMS)and self-made demographic information questionnaire.Data were studied by descriptive analysis,Pearsons correlation analysis,one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA)and multivariate linear regression using spss26.O to explore the factors to influence the self-rated health status of the residents in Weifang.Results A total of 704 questionnaires were collected,of which 668 were valid,with an effective rate of 94.89%.The total self-rated health score of 668 residents was 324.78±49.61,in which the score of physical health subscale,mental health subscale and social health subscale was 123.19±19.81,111.66±21.65 and 89.61±18.37,respectively.The results of multiple linear regression showed that chronic diseases,sleep time,exercise frequency,participating in health education activities,family relationships,employment status,contracting a family doctor,economic status,living conditions,access to medical services,and pension insurance situation were all influencing factors of Weifang residents'total self-rated health score(P<0.05).Conclusion The self-rated health level of Weifang residents needs to be improved.There were factors influencing the total self-rated health score of Weifang residents in the five dimensions of health ecology model.Therefore,comprehensive targeted measures should be taken from multiple perspectives,including individual behavior,environment and policies to improve the health of Weifang residents.
作者
张倩雯
罗金萍
孙嘉颖
王康
尹文强
陈钟鸣
马东平
Zhang Qianwen(School of Management,Weifang Medical University,Weifang,P.R.China)
出处
《中国卫生事业管理》
北大核心
2024年第3期344-349,共6页
Chinese Health Service Management
基金
国家自然科学基金“以居民为中心视角下基于支付意愿的家庭医生签约服务项目优化研究以山东省为例”(72004164)。
关键词
健康生态学
居民
自测健康状况
自测健康评定量表
影响因素
health ecology
residents
self-rated health status
self-rated health measurement scale
influencing factors
