摘要
探究不同灌水定额对春玉米生长状况的影响,为优化克拉玛依地区春玉米灌溉制度提供理论依据。于2021年5月~9月,在克拉玛依农业综合开发区开展春玉米田间试验,研究玉米生育期内不同灌水量对株高、叶绿素、叶面积指数以及地上部生物量的影响,建立归一化Logistic模型,探究有效积温与玉米生长及生物量之间的相关关系。灌水定额由W1处理(225m^(3)/hm^(2))提高至W5处理(525m^(3)/hm^(2))时更有利于促进玉米生长;随有效积温增加,株高呈不断增长的趋势,叶绿素呈先增后减的趋势,叶面积指数和地上部干物质积累呈慢-快-慢动态变化,玉米叶面积指数拟合值和实际值拟合指数R^(2)>0.9,玉米干物质积累量拟合方程的标准差小于0.06,表明通过Logistic模型建立的拟合方程可以较好模拟春玉米叶面积指数和干物质的变化及积累情况。W5处理(525m^(3)/hm^(2))相对叶面积指数理想条件下的最大值高于其他处理,玉米地上部干物质积累时间较长,快增期内增长速率最大。灌溉水量过大或过小均会对玉米叶面积指数和地上部干物质积累产生负面影响。因此,灌水定额为525m^(3)/hm^(2)更适宜克拉玛依滴灌春玉米种植。
The effects of different irrigating quotas on the growth of spring maize were explored to provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the irrigation system of spring maize in Karamay.From May to September 2021,a field experiment on spring maize was carried out in the Karamay Agricultural Comprehensive Development Zone to study the effects of different irrigation amounts on plant height,chlorophyll,leaf area index and aboveground biomass during the growth period of maize.The normalized Logistic model was established to explore the correlation between effective accumulated temperature and maize growth and biomass.When the irrigation quota was increased from 225m^(3)/hm^(2)to 525m^(3)/hm^(2),it was more conducive to promoting the growth of maize.With the increase of effective accumulated temperature,plant height showed a growing trend,chlorophyll showed a trend of increasing firstly and then decreasing,and leaf area index and aboveground dry matter accumulation showed a slow-fast-slow dynamic change.The fitting index(R^(2))of fitting value of leaf area index to the actual value was bigger than O.9,and the standard deviation of the dry matter accumulation fitting equation is less than 0.06,indicating that the fiting equation established by the Logistic model can better simulate the change and accumulation of leaf area index and dry matter of spring maize.Under the treatment of the maximum value of 525m^(3)/hm^(2),the relative leaf area index under ideal conditions was higher than that of other treatments,the time for dry matter accumulation of aboveground was longer,and the growth rate was the largest during the rapid increase period.Too much or too litle irrigation water had negative effects on leaf area index and above-ground dry matter accumulation of maize.Therefore,an rrigation water quota of 525m^(3)/hm^(2)is more suitable for planting spring maize by drip irrigation in Karamay.
作者
袁如芯
孟新梅
杨荣
杨庭瑞
赵经华
YUAN Ruxin;MENG Xinmei;YANG Rong;YANG Tingrui;ZHAO Jinghua(College of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052;Water Conservancy Bureau of Hebukesaier County,Tacheng 834499;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Safety and Water Disaster Prevention,Urumqi 830052;Hydrology and Water Resources Management Center of Shihezi City,Shihezi 832000,China)
出处
《干旱区资源与环境》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期132-143,共12页
Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区十四五重大专项项目(2020A01003-4)
国家自然基金项目(52169013)资助。
关键词
灌水定额
春玉米
叶面积指数
有效积温
干物质量
irrigating water quota
spring maize
leaf area index
effective accumulative temperature
dry matter
