摘要
对山西省代县1998—2018年发生或现存的28处崩塌基本数据特征进行了调查统计,并进行分析研究。旨在查明区域内崩塌灾害体危害,为当地经济可持续发展、灾害监测预报、防灾减灾工程等可行性研究提供了可靠的依据。结果显示:在时间域上,崩塌呈现出集中分布的规律,具有明显的年周期变化规律,雨季集中,汛期(5—9月)高发,冻融季次之,灾害点分布于多年平均降雨量400~700 mm的区域内。在空间域上,不同地貌区崩塌的发生数量有明显差异,南北两侧山区分布较集中,沿河谷两侧呈条带状分布。代县土质崩塌存在倾倒式、滑移式、拉裂式和错断式四种变形模式;基岩崩塌主要有错断式、倾倒式和拉裂式三种变形失稳模式。影响因素包括降雨、地形地貌(坡高、坡向、坡度、坡形)、河流侵蚀、冻融作用及植被与人类工程活动等。其中,人为因素和大气降雨二者的双重作用是诱发崩塌最活跃、最积极的因素,其他地质环境因素对崩塌发育影响相对缓慢。因此,从探究该地区崩塌发育特征、变形失稳模式来看,进一步研究其影响因素,对探究该地区地质灾害的成因机理、破坏机制以及后续的防治有重要的科学实践意义。
The basic data characteristics of 28 collapses in Dai County from 1998 to 2018,Shanxi Province,were investigated and analyzed and studied,aiming to find out the hazards of collapse disasters in the region and provide reliable basis for the feasibility study of sustainable development of local economy,disaster monitoring and prediction,and disaster prevention and mitigation projects.The results show that in the time domain,the collapse shows a law of centralized distribution,with obvious law of annual cycle change,rainy season,flood season(May-September)high incidence,and freezing-thaw season,and the disas‐ter points are distributed in the area of annual average rainfall of 400-700 mm.In the spatial domain,the number of collapses in the different landform areas is significantly different,the north and south mountains are concentrated,along the strip distribution on both sides of the valley.There are four deformation modes in Dai County,namely dumping,sliding,cracking and fracture,and instability.The influencing factors include rainfall,topography(slope height,slope direction,slope,slope shape),river erosion,freezing and thawing effect,and vegetation and human engineering activities.Among them,the dual effects of human factors and atmospheric rainfall are the most active and positive factors to induce collapse,while other geological environmental factors have a relatively slow influence on the development of collapse.Therefore,it is of great scientific and practical significance to explore the development characteristics of collapse and the deformation and instability mode before revealing the cause mechanism and destruction mechanism and the subsequent prevention and control of geological disasters in this area.
作者
蒲文欣
郭强
孟祥阳
PU Wenxin;GUO Qiang;MENG Xiangyang(College of Earth Sciences,Guilin University of Technology,Guangxi Guilin 541004,China;Shanxi Coal Geological Resources and Environment Investigation Institute Co.,Ltd,Shanxi Taiyuan 030006,China)
出处
《防灾减灾学报》
2024年第1期74-84,共11页
Journal of Disaster Prevention And Reduction
基金
山西省自然资源厅2021年地质灾害风险调查评价专项项目(HCZB2021009)。
关键词
崩塌
发育特征
失稳模式
影响因素
山西代县
collapse
developmental characteristics
instability pattern
controlling factors
Daixian,Shanxi Province
