摘要
目的探讨膳食维生素A(VitA)和体重的比值与儿童高血压的相关性,为通过膳食营养干预改善儿童血压水平与降低儿童期高血压的患病风险提供参考。方法利用2014—2019年在重庆城乡地区建立的健康儿童队列研究基线调查与随访样本资料,采用结构式定量膳食问卷和自行设计的调查表调查15279名儿童膳食摄入量与社会经济学指标,测量血压、身高与体重等检测指标。儿童膳食VitA与体重的比值按照四分位数分为≤P_(25)(Q1),>P_(25)~P50(Q2),>P50~P_(75)(Q3),>P_(75)(Q4)4组。采用广义线性回归模型与Logistic回归模型分析膳食VitA和体重的比值与血压水平及高血压患病率的相关性。结果2014年基线调查结果表明,在校正人口统计学指标及营养摄入指标等混杂因素后,不同儿童膳食VitA摄入与体重比值组收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、平均动脉压(MAP)的差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为157.57,44.71,95.92,P值均<0.05)。2014年儿童膳食VitA和体重的比值与SBP[β值(95%CI)=-0.65(-0.89~-0.42)]、DBP[β值(95%CI)=-0.22(-0.42~-0.01)]和MAP[β值(95%CI)=-0.36(-0.56~-0.16)]均呈负相关(P值均<0.05);与Q1组比较,Q4组中儿童高血压的患病风险降低[OR值(95%CI)=0.63(0.49~0.81),P<0.01]。2014年儿童基线膳食VitA和体重的比值与2019年随访SBP、DBP、MAP均呈负相关[β值分别为-0.77(-1.34~-0.19),-0.62(-1.21~-0.02),-0.77(-1.34~-0.19),P值均<0.05];与Q1组相比,Q4组中的2019年儿童高血压患病风险也降低[OR值(95%CI)=0.18(0.08~0.42),P<0.01]。结论膳食VitA和体重的比值与儿童血压水平呈负相关,膳食VitA缺乏为儿童高血压的独立危险因素。应采取措施积极调整儿童膳食营养,降低儿童期高血压的患病风险。
Objective To explore the relationship between the ratio of dietary vitamin A(VitA)to body weight and hypertension among children,so as to provide a reference for blood pressure control through dietary nutritional interventions and childhood hypertension prevention.Methods Utilizing the baseline survey and follow-up sample data from the Healthy Children Cohort established in urban and rural areas of Chongqing from 2014 to 2019,structured quantitative dietary questionnaire and self-designed questionnaire were used to investigate the information of dietary intake and socioeconomic characteristics of 15279 children,as well as blood pressure,height,weight measurement.The ratio of dietary VitA to body weight was divided into four groups based on quartiles[≤P_(25)(Q1),>P_(25)~P50(Q2),>P50~P_(75)(Q3),>P_(75)(Q4)].Generalized linear regression models and Logistic regression models were used to analyze the correlation between ratio of dietary VitA to body weight with blood pressure levels and prevalence of hypertension.Results The results of the 2014 baseline survey indicated that,after adjusting for confounding factors such as demographic indicators and nutritional intake,significant differences were observed in systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),and mean arterial pressure(MAP)among different groups categorized by the ratio of dietary VitA to body weight(F=157.57,44.71,95.92,P<0.01).The baseline ratio of dietary VitA to body weight in children exhibited a negative correlation with DBP,SBP and MAP at baseline and in 2019[baseline:β(95%CI)=-0.65(-0.89--0.42),-0.22(-0.42--0.01),-0.36(-0.56--0.16);2019:β(95%CI)=-0.77(-1.34--0.19),-0.62(-1.21--0.02),-0.77(-1.34--0.19),P<0.05].Compared to Q1 group,the risk of hypertension decreased among children in Q4 at baseline and follow-up in 2019[OR(95%CI)=0.63(0.49-0.81),0.18(0.08-0.42),P<0.01].Conclusions The ratio of dietary VitA to body weight is significantly negatively correlated with blood pressure levels among children,and dietary VitA deficiency is an independent risk factor for hypertension among children.Measures should be taken to actively adjust children's dietary nutrition and reduce the risk of childhood hypertension.
作者
程平
任艳玲
刘琴
陈栏灵
佟吉爽
肖伦
秦军
李兴贵
马军
徐林
史秀珍
王莉
万凌娟
梁小华
CHENG Ping;REN Yanling;LIU Qin;CHEN Lanling;TONG Jishuang;XIAO Lun;QIN Jun;LI Xinggui;MA Jun;XU Lin;SHI Xiuzhen;WANG Li;WAN Lingjuan;LIANG Xiaohua(Department of Pharmacy,People's Hospital of Shimian County,Yaan(625499),Sichuan Province,China;不详)
出处
《中国学校卫生》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第2期267-272,共6页
Chinese Journal of School Health
基金
重庆市科学技术委员会重点课题项目(CSTC2021jscx-gksb-N0001)
重庆医科大学未来医学青年创新团队项目(W0088)
重庆市科卫联合项目(2020FYYX060)
国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(81502826)。
关键词
膳食
维生素A
体重
高血压
回归分析
儿童
Diet
Vitamin A
Body weight
Hypertension
Regression analysis
Child
