摘要
昆虫捕食种子是种子死亡的一个主要原因,会影响植物种群更新和群落物种组成。传播前种子昆虫捕食的研究较为稀少,且大多为针对个别优势种的短期研究,限制了对于群落水平上传播前种子捕食的理解。本研究分析长白山阔叶红松林25 hm~2样地中2020—2021年的种子雨,研究种子昆虫捕食率及其影响因素。所分析的5种乔木种子均遭到昆虫捕食,昆虫捕食率在物种和采集批次间差异较大(0~33.33%),年均昆虫捕食率为8.76%~14.39%。肉质果种子的昆虫捕食率显著低于干果(df=1,χ~2=20.76,P<0.001),种子产量的年际变异系数与昆虫捕食率呈显著负相关(df=1,χ~2=13.01,P<0.001),重量越轻的种子的昆虫捕食率越高(df=1,χ~2=10.54,P=0.001)。本研究表明,传播前种子昆虫捕食在长白山阔叶红松林群落中普遍存在,并且揭示了影响因素、讨论了潜在的影响机制。本研究有助于增进对于传播前种子昆虫捕食及其生态和演化意义的理解。
Seed predation by insects is one of the main causes of seed mortality,affecting plant population renewal and community composition.Studies of pre-dispersal seed insect predation are relatively sparse and mostly short-term studies on individual dominant species,and thus limit the understanding of pre-dispersal seed predation at community level.In this study,we analysed seed rains from 2020-2021 in the 25 hm2 broad-leaved Korean pine mixed forest plot in Changbai Mountain to investigate seed predation rates and their influencing factors.All the five studied tree seeds were subjected to insect seed predation,with large variations in seed predation rates by insects(0-33.33%)among species and collections.The annual seed predation rates by insects were 8.76%and 14.39%,respectively.The variation in seed predation rates by insects was mainly influenced by fruit type,interannual coefficient of variation in seed yield and seed mass.Fruit type had the highest model contribution value(R2=32.29%),with significantly lower insect predation rates on the seeds of fleshy fruits compared to those of dry fruits(df=1,χ2=20.76,P<0.001).The interannual coefficient of seed yield variation was significantly negatively correlated with seed predation rates by insects(df=1,χ2=13.01,P<0.001;R2=8.85%),and lighter seeds had higher predation rates(df=1,χ2=10.54,P=0.001;R2=3.79%).Moreover,tree height had a significant effect on seed predation rate by insects(df=1,χ2=6.94,P=0.008),especially in 2021,where the taller plants suffered higher seed predation rates(df=1,χ2=8.27,P=0.004).The insect predation rate on mature seeds was slightly higher than that on immature seeds(df=1,χ2=3.74,P=0.053),whereas the model contribution values for these two variables were all relatively low(all R2<1%).The effects of seed number and year on insect predation rate were not significant.This study demonstrates that pre-dispersal seed insect predation is widespread in broad-leaved Korean pine mixed forest community,further reveals the influencing factors and discusses potential operating mechanisms,and thus improves our understanding of pre-dispersal seed predation by insects and associated ecological and evolutionary significances.
作者
赵涛
吴文兰
王晓雪
徐雨
房帅
张凯
ZHAO Tao;WU Wenan;WANG Xiaoxue;XU Yu;FANG Shuai;ZHANG Kai(School of Life Sciences,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550025,China;Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China)
出处
《四川动物》
北大核心
2024年第2期154-162,共9页
Sichuan Journal of Zoology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31860161)
国家自然科学基金委员会-贵州省人民政府喀斯特科学研究中心项目(U1812401)。
关键词
种实昆虫
传播前种子
种子捕食
大年结实
昆虫捕食率
seed/fruit-eating insects
pre-dispersal seeds
seed predation
masting
seed predation rate by insects
