摘要
烹饪产生的热量和颗粒物对厨房和邻室环境存在着负面影响,为了定量研究整个烹饪过程中室内环境的变化,选取小型住宅厨房一例,采用数值模拟技术,研究窗口恒定进风量工况下12 min烹饪过程中的室内环境。基于热源和颗粒物散发特性,建立颗粒物散发强度和油温随烹饪时间变化的函数关系,利用Fluent软件进行非稳态模拟计算。结果显示,油加热30 s后,热量向周围空间显著扩散;在10 min烹饪过程中,操作人员处空气温度上升约10.0℃;在烹饪进行4 min后,厨房颗粒物质量浓度显著增加,6 min后厨房邻室颗粒物质量浓度急剧增加。模拟结果为住宅厨房排油烟机的风机档位调换提供了合理的参考时间点,利于提升排油烟机的工作效率,优化其高效运行的可选方案。
To investigate the changes in the indoor environment throughout the whole cooking process,this study used field measurements to monitor the air temperature near the operator during the cooking process and verify the accuracy of the kitchen model.Then,the Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)method was used to simulate the air temperature,velocity,and particle distribution in the kitchen and adjacent rooms during and after cooking in the Chinese Residential Kitchen(CRK)under the condition of constant air supply with the window opening.The whole cooking process lasted 12 min,including 10 min during cooking and 2 min after cooking.The User-Defined Function(UDF)is defined for the dynamic oil temperature and emission rate based on experimental results from previous studies,and the transient simulation was carried out in FLUENT within 12 min.The distribution of air temperature,velocity,and particulate matter concentration in the kitchen and adjacent room was obtained by simulation calculation.The results show that the heat diffuses significantly after heating the oil for 30 s.During the 10-minute cooking process,the air temperature changes at different heights inside the kitchen are different.The air temperature of the operator rises by about 10.0℃.The air temperature change in the space below 1.2 m is less than 3.0℃.The air temperature at 1.4 m rises by 5.0℃,and the air temperature difference at 1.8 m is greater than 10.0℃.For the adjacent room,the temperature difference during the entire cooking process is within 1.0℃.For the air flow rate,the air flow rate around the operator is 0.50 m/s,and the air velocity in the center of the kitchen is less than 0.10 m/s.The variation of air velocity in the adjacent room is within 0.10 m/s.For the distribution of particulate matter,the particle concentration in the kitchen changes greatly after 4 min,and the particle concentration in the adjacent room increases sharply after 6 min.The simulation results provide a reasonable reference time point for the switch of fan gear of the kitchen range hood,which is conducive to improving the working efficiency of the range hood and optimizing the options for its efficient operation.
作者
刘昱
李冲
麻宏强
姜益强
董建锴
罗新梅
LIU Yu;LI Chong;MA Hongqiang;JIANG Yiqiang;DONG Jiankai;LUO Xinmei(School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,East China Jiaotong University,Nanchang 330013,China;School of Architecture,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China;Key Laboratory of Cold Region Urban and Rural Human Settlement Environment Science and Technology,Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Harbin 150090,China)
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第2期739-749,共11页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目(GJJ2200676)
国家自然科学基金项目(51978193)。
关键词
环境工程学
住宅厨房
恒定补风
数值模拟
室内环境
environmental engineering
residential kitchen
constant air supply
numerical simulation
indoor environment
