摘要
在经济高质量发展、构建低碳高效能源体系与“双碳”目标的发展背景下,中国光伏装备制造业作为战略性新兴产业得到了快速发展,对其时空布局演化特征及影响因素的研究具有重要的理论与实践意义。本文基于2000—2021年企业数据和城市社会经济数据,刻画了中国光伏装备制造业时空布局演化特征,并采用随机效应面板Tobit模型探究了光伏装备制造企业区位选择的主要影响因素及作用机制。研究发现:(1)中国光伏装备制造企业主要分布在江苏、山东、河北、广东等产业基础较好的地区,并呈现自东部向中西部地区扩散的趋势。(2)中国光伏装备制造业的空间扩散主要表现为邻近扩散、等级扩散和通道扩散三类模式。(3)研究期间,制造业基础、碳排放总量、科技创新水平、政策补贴力度、核心企业空间邻近性是中国光伏装备制造业空间布局演化的主要驱动因素,但各因素的作用强度存在显著的时空差异。(4)中国光伏装备制造业主要呈现三种布局模式:市场-成本导向型、政策-资源导向型和综合导向型。随着国内外市场竞争环境的变化,以增强产业链安全、供应链安全和整体韧性为目标的多元化布局模式日益显著。本研究有望为中国光伏装备制造业的空间布局优化提供理论基础与决策参考。
China is currently undergoing a profound paradigm shift towards sustainable economic development,marked by an ardent pursuit of high-quality economic growth and the establishment of a low-carbon,high-efficiency energy system in response to the "dual carbon" goals.Within this overarching context,as a strategic emerging industry,the photovoltaic equipment manufacturing industry has ascended as a linchpin in the industrial transformation towards green economy and it is also a core industry in the global competition for development.A better understanding of the industry's spatiotemporal dynamics and its influencing factors holds particular significance for both theoretical discourse and practical applications.Based on enterprise data and urban socio-economic data,this article depicts the spatial layout and evolution characteristics of China's photovoltaic equipment manufacturing industry from 2000 to 2021.By using a random effect panel Tobit model,it endeavors to unravel the main factors and formation mechanism of the location choice of China's photovoltaic equipment manufacturing enterprises.The main results are as follows.(1) The photovoltaic equipment manufacturers in China are mainly distributed in economically robust regions such as Jiangsu,Shandong,Hebei,and Guangdong,with a discernible trend of spatial diffusion from the eastern coastal areas towards the central and western regions of China.(2)The spatial diffusion patterns of China's photovoltaic equipment manufacturing industry can be divided into three categories:adjacent diffusion,hierarchical diffusion and channel diffusion.(3) During the study period,local industrial foundation,total carbon emissions,the level of scientific and technological innovation,the amount of policy subsidies,and the spatial proximity of core enterprises are the main factors driving the evolution of the spatial layout of China's photovoltaic equipment manufacturing industry,but there is a significant spatiotemporal difference in the mechanism of each factor.(4) Three types of layout models have been observed in China's photovoltaic equipment manufacturing industry:market-costoriented type,policy-resource-oriented type,and comprehensive type.With the changing competitive environment in both domestic and international markets,the diversified layout model aimed at enhancing the safety and overall resilience of industrial and supply chains is becoming increasingly prominent.Our research results are expected to provide theoretical basis and decision-making references for spatial development and layout optimization for China's photovoltaic equipment manufacturing industry.
作者
练文华
张晓平
吴爱萍
宋佳雯
LIAN Wenhua;ZHANG Xiaoping;WU Aiping;SONG Jiawen(College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《地理研究》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期679-700,共22页
Geographical Research
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(42271193、41771133)。
关键词
光伏发电
装备制造业
时空分析
TOBIT模型
区位选择
空间布局优化
photovoltaic power generation
equipment manufacturing
spatial and temporal analysis
Tobit model
location selection
spatial layout optimization
