摘要
重非水相液体(DNAPL)是一种物化性质稳定且毒性较强的有机污染物,对人类健康和生态环境存在极大威胁。由于其密度较大、穿透性强,DNAPL渗入地下后易在低渗透区积聚,形成长期污染源。低渗透区流速慢、传质难的特点使得常用地下水污染修复技术难以奏效,而目前针对该问题的系统性研究尚显不足,因此亟需梳理并总结通过增渗增移DNAPL实现低渗透区污染增效修复的方法,为后续研究提供一定参考价值。本文首先通过控制方程描述了增渗增移的原理;其次综述了两种分别以表面活性剂和电动为核心的增渗增移方法:表面活性剂通过胶束增溶和降低吸附实现增渗增移,电动则通过电渗和电迁移增移DNAPL;同时介绍了实际应用中耦合其他技术的案例,总结优缺点;最后对DNAPL未来的发展方向进行了展望。
Dense non-aqueous phase liquids(DNAPL)is a kind of organic pollutant with stable physicochemical properties and strong toxicity,which poses a great threat to human health and the ecological environment.Due to its high density and strong penetration,DNAPL tends to accumulate in low-permeability zones,forming a long-term source of pollution.The slow flow rate and difficult mass transfer in low-permeability zones make frequently-used remediation methods ineffective,whereas the systematic research focusing on this issue is insufficient.Therefore,it is urgent to summarize the methods of enhancing permeability and migration of DNAPL which are aimed to promote pollutant remediation in low-permeability zones,so that it can serve as the reference for subsequent research.In this paper,firstly,the principle of aforementioned enhancement was delineated through the governing equation.Secondly,mechanisms underlying two methods of enhancing permeability and migration of DNAPL respectively based on surfactants and electrokinetics were summarized:surfactants enhance permeability and migration by micelle solubilizing and reducing adsorption,while electrokinetics enhances migration by electroosmotic flow and electromigration.Additionally,cases using coupling methodologies in practical applications and their effectiveness and feasibility were described.Finally,the future development direction was prospected.
作者
黄霄伊
代朝猛
游学极
李思
童汪凯
李继香
HUANG Xiaoyi;DAI Chaomeng;YOU Xueji;LI Si;TONG Wangkai;LI Jixiang(College of Civil Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;Shanghai Advanced Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200120,China)
出处
《材料导报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
2024年第6期240-247,共8页
Materials Reports
基金
国家重点研发计划(2019YFE0114900)
上海市扬帆计划(22YF1450200)
国家自然科学基金(42077175,52270164)。
关键词
重非水相液体(DNAPL)
低渗透区
增渗增移
表面活性剂
电动
dense non-aqueous phase liquids(DNAPL)
low-permeability zones
enhancing permeability and migration
surfactant
electrokinetics
