摘要
目的采用Meta分析了解歼击机飞行员停飞疾病谱,分析其疾病特点、随时间的变化规律及影响因素,为歼击机飞行员的疾病防治及健康维护提供科学依据。方法在中英文数据库检索建库至2022年6月有关我国歼击机飞行员停飞疾病谱的文献。经逐层筛选后确定纳入文献,采用STATA 17软件分别对不同疾病的构成比进行合并率及发表偏倚计算,了解疾病谱的变化趋势,使用SPSS 26软件进行χ^(2)检验,确定变化趋势有无统计学意义。结果纳入13篇文献,停飞总人数为2519名。Meta分析结果显示,我国歼击机飞行员停飞疾病谱的前10位依次为:职业性航空病(18%)、神经系统疾病(14%)、运动系统疾病(12%)、心血管系统疾病(12%)、消化系统疾病(11%)、精神心理疾病(8%)、呼吸系统疾病(6%)、眼科疾病(5%)、泌尿系统疾病(3%)、代谢性疾病(3%)。与2009年及以前相比,2010年及以后,停飞的歼击机飞行员中职业性航空病(χ^(2)=88.40,P<0.001)、神经系统疾病(χ^(2)=5.98,P=0.014)、消化系统疾病(χ^(2)=23.87,P<0.001)患病率降低,运动系统疾病(χ^(2)=12.32,P<0.001)、心血管系统疾病(χ^(2)=18.46,P<0.001)、呼吸系统疾病(χ^(2)=34.77,P<0.001)的患病率升高,均有统计学意义。结论中国歼击机飞行员停飞疾病谱中,前2位是职业性航空病、神经系统疾病;运动系统疾病、心血管系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病的患病率近年来有上升趋势,需要采取预防及保健措施,促进歼击机飞行员的健康发展,减少医学停飞率。
Objective To analyze the disease spectrum of grounded fighter pilots in terms of types of disease,patterns of change over time,and influencing factors so as to provide data for disease prevention,treatment,and health maintenance of fighter pilots in China.Methods The literature on disease spectrums of grounded fighter pilots was retrieved from the Chinese and English databases as of June 2022.After screening,the included literature was selected.The combination rate and publication bias of different components of disease were calculated using STATA 17 software before an appropriate effect model was chosen based on the heterogeneity test results.Subgroup analysis was made according to the time investigation was conducted to study the change of the disease spectrum,and Chi-squared test was performed using SPSS 26 software to find out whether the difference was statistically significant.Results Thirteen articles were included,involving 2519 grounded pilots.Meta analysis results showed that the top ten diseases were occupational aviation diseases(18%),nervous system diseases(14%),motor system diseases(12%),cardiovascular diseases(12%),digestive system diseases(11%),psychosocial diseases(8%),respiratory system diseases(6%),ophthalmic diseases(5%),urinary system diseases(3%)and metabolic diseases(3%).After 2010,the prevalence of occupational aviation diseases(χ^(2)=88.40,P<0.001),nervous system diseases(χ^(2)=5.98,P=0.014)and digestive system diseases(χ^(2)=23.87,P<0.001)among grounded fighter pilots decreased while the incidence of motor system diseases(χ^(2)=12.32,P<0.001),cardiovascular diseases(χ^(2)=18.46,P<0.001)and respiratory diseases(χ^(2)=34.77,P<0.001)increased.The difference was of statistical significance.Conclusion In the spectrum of diseases among grounded fighter pilots,the top two are occupational aviation diseases and nervous system diseases.The prevalence of motor system diseases,cardiovascular diseases and respiratory diseases has been on the rise in recent years.Related institutions need to take precautions to keep fighter pilots healthy in China and reduce the medical grounding rate.
作者
肖莹晶
尼春萍
李洋
林悦
强惠
画妍
XIAO Yingjing;NI Chunping;LI Yang;LIN Yue;JIANG Hui;HUA Yan(School of Nursing,Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine,Xianyang 712046;Department of Basic Nursing,Air Force Medical University,Xi'an 710032,China)
出处
《空军航空医学》
2024年第1期20-25,共6页
AVIATION MEDICINE OF AIR FORCE
