摘要
目的:探讨肺功能检查和宣教联合5A行为干预的短期戒烟效果。方法:选取2019年5月—2021年12月在汕头大学医学院第一附属医院呼吸科门诊就诊且有吸烟史的439例患者为研究对象,均为男性,年龄(54.9±12.5)岁。根据患者的意愿分为肺功能检查联合5A行为干预组(干预组,224例)和仅实施5A行为干预组(对照组,215例),干预时间1个月。采用成功戒烟率及烟草依赖程度评价短期戒烟效果。采用logistic回归分析评价肺功能检查和宣教联合5A行为干预的戒烟效果。以倾向性得分匹配进行敏感性分析,评估多因素logistic回归分析结果的稳健性。结果:干预组的成功戒烟率为43.8%(98/224),对照组为13.5%(29/215),干预组的成功戒烟率高于对照组(χ^(2)=48.86,P<0.001)。在干预后戒烟失败患者中,干预组的重度烟草依赖患者占比较干预前下降,且低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(干预前重度烟草依赖:35.7%比34.9%;干预后重度烟草依赖:19.1%比29.6%)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,与对照组相比,干预组短期成功戒烟率增高(OR=3.92,95%CI:2.18~7.06),干预组中戒烟失败患者的烟草依赖度降低(OR=4.34,95%CI:1.72~10.92)。结论:肺功能检查和宣教联合5A行为干预可能在短期内有助于提高呼吸科门诊吸烟患者的戒烟成功率,降低戒烟失败患者的烟草依赖程度。
Objective:To investigate the short-term smoking cessation effects of pulmonary function testing and education combined with 5A behavioral intervention.Methods:439 patients,all male,aged(54.9±12.5)years old,who attended the outpatient clinic of the Respiratory Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College from May 2019 to December 2021 and had a history of smoking,were selected for the study.According to the patients’wishes,they were divided into the group of pulmonary function test combined with 5A behavioral intervention(intervention group,224 cases)and the group of only implementing 5A behavioral intervention(control group,215 cases),and the intervention time was 1 month.Successful smoking cessation rate and tobacco dependence level were used to evaluate the short-term smoking cessation effect.Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the smoking cessation effect of pulmonary function testing and education combined with 5A behavioral intervention.Sensitivity analyses were performed with propensity score matching to assess the robustness of the results of logistic regression analyses.Results:The successful smoking cessation rate was 43.8%(98/224)in the intervention group and 13.5%(29/215)in the control group,which was higher than that of the control group(χ^(2)=48.86,P<0.001).Among the patients who failed to quit smoking after the intervention,the percentage of patients with severe tobacco dependence decreased in the intervention group compared with the pre-intervention group and was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(pre-intervention severe tobacco dependence:35.7%versus 34.9%;post-intervention severe tobacco dependence:19.1%versus 29.6%).Logistic regression analysis showed that compared with the control group,the short-term successful smoking cessation rate increased in the intervention group(OR=3.92,95%CI:2.18-7.06),and tobacco dependence among patients who failed to quit smoking decreased in the intervention group(OR=4.34,95%CI:1.72-10.92).Conclusion:Pulmonary function testing and education combined with 5A behavioral interventions may be helpful in the short term to increase the success rate of smoking cessation among smoking patients in the respiratory clinic and reduce the degree of tobacco dependence among patients who fail to quit.
作者
张秋艳
张庆英
李娥
王文莉
谢燕娜
ZHANG Qiuyan;ZHANG Qingying;LI E;WANG Wenli;XIE Yanna(Department of Respiratory Medicine,The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College,Shantou 515041,China;Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine,Shantou University Medical College,Shantou 515041,China)
出处
《汕头大学医学院学报》
2024年第1期26-29,34,共5页
Journal of Shantou University Medical College
关键词
肺功能检查
健康宣教
烟草依赖
戒烟
干预
pulmonary function tests
health promotion
tobacco dependence
smoking cessation
intervention
