摘要
哈尼梯田沟渠是一种具有湿地性质的人工溪流,是哈尼梯田可持续发展的关键所在。为探明哈尼梯田不同沟渠的植物多样性与环境因子的关系,以哈尼梯田典型灌区沟渠系统植物为研究对象,运用样方调查法、方差分析和冗余分析对不同类型沟渠的植被群落组成、物种多样性与环境因子的关联性进行分析。结果显示:(1)哈尼梯田沟渠植物共118种,隶属45科100属,以菊科和禾本科植物为主,占总种数的28.81%;植物生态型构成以湿生植物为主(52种),中生植物次之(42种);(2)不同沟渠植物Shannon-Wiener指数、Margalef指数和Simpson指数大致表现为三级沟渠>断头渠>二级沟渠>一级沟渠;Pielou指数则表现为二级沟渠>三级沟渠>一级沟渠>断头渠;(3)冗余分析表明干扰程度对哈尼梯田沟渠植物多样性的影响最为显著,其次为海拔和土壤有机碳,而土壤全氮、全磷、全钾、pH和积水深度对沟渠植物多样性的影响相对较小。哈尼梯田沟渠生境受人为干扰程度的影响最为强烈,适度的人为干扰有助于维持与提高沟渠植物群落多样性水平。该研究结果可为哈尼梯田沟渠植物资源保护和梯田生态系统健康发展提供参考。
Hani Terrace ditch isa kind of artificial stream with wetland properties,which is the key to the sustainable development of Hani Terrace.In order to find out the relationship between plant diversity and environmental factors in different ditches of Hani terrace,the relationship between vegetation community composition,species diversity and environmental factors in different ditches of Hani terrace was analyzed by using quadrat survey method,variance analysis and redundancy analysis.The results showed that:(1)There were 118 species belonging to 45 families and 100 genera,mainly Asteraceae and Poaceae,accounting for 28.81%of the total species;The plant ecotype was mainly composed of humidophytes (52 species),followed by mesophytes (42 species).(2)The s hannon-Wiener diversity index,the Margalef richness index and the s impson dominance index decreased in the order:tertiary ditch>disconnected ditch>secondary ditch>primary ditch;The Pielou evenness index decreased in the order:secondary ditch>tertiary ditch>primary ditch>disconnected ditch;(3)Redundancy analysis showed that disturbance degree had the most significant effect on plant diversity,followed by elevation and soil organic carbon,while soil total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,pH and water depth had relatively little effect on plant diversity in Hani terrace.The ditch habitat of Hani terrace was most strongly affected by the degree of human disturbance,and moderate human disturbance contributed to the level of plant community diversity in the ditch.The results of this study provide a reference for the conservation of plant resources and the healthy development of terrace ecosystem in Hani terrace.
作者
陈春仙
宋维峰
马建刚
CHEN Chunxian;SONG Weifeng;MA Jiangang(College of the Ecology and Environment,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming Yunnan 650224,P.R.China)
出处
《西部林业科学》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第1期25-32,共8页
Journal of West China Forestry Science
基金
云南省基础研究重点项目“以水为核心的哈尼梯田人工湿地生态功能维持与修复研究”(202001AS070042)。
关键词
哈尼梯田
人工湿地
沟渠植物
植物多样性
环境因子
The Hani terraces
constructed wetland
ditch plant
diversity
environmental factors
