摘要
对国有经济布局和结构优化调整做出科学的研究,需要全面了解国有经济布局的目的性和方向性。本文回顾国有经济布局的理论脉络和历史经验,认为所有制理论是影响国有经济布局的核心因素。改革开放之前,所有制升级的浪潮导致的“全面国有化”,制约了国有经济的微观活力。1978年以来,随着经济体制的转轨,国有经济的布局结构既要明确以生产资料公有制为主体,以发展生产力为根本任务,走共同富裕道路,又要体现社会主义市场经济体制的客观要求,因此形成“有进有退”“抓大放小”等各种措施。进入新时代,当所有制问题的争论基本解决之后,国有经济应当明确认清政策责任,找准功能定位,除了提供公共产品、平衡区域布局等方面之外,更应在引领国家科技进步、维护国家经济安全等方面倾斜资源。为了促使国有经济布局趋于合理,相关部门应当在制定法律法规、设计评价体系和估值体系等方面加以完善,促使企业发挥引领作用,实现建设世界一流企业的目标。
To conduct scientific research on the layout and structural optimization adjustment of state-owned economy,it is necessary to comprehensively understand the purpose and direction of state-owned economy layout.This article reviews the theoretical framework and historical experience of the layout of state-owned economy,and believes that ownership theory is the core factor affecting the layout of state-owned economy.Before the reform and opening up,the wave of ownership upgrading led to“comprehensive nationalization”,which constrained the micro vitality of the state-owned economy.Since 1978,with the transition of the economic system,the layout structure of the state-owned economy has been clearly defined as taking public ownership of the means of production as the main body,developing productive forces as the fundamental task,and pursuing the path of common prosperity,while also reflecting the objective requirements of the socialist market economy system.Therefore,various measures have been taken,such as“advancing while retreating”and“focusing on the big and releasing the small”.In the new era,when the debate on ownership issues is basically resolved,state-owned economy should clearly recognize policy responsibilities,find functional positioning,and tilt resources not only in providing public goods and balancing regional layout,but also in leading national scientific and technological progress and maintaining national economic security.In order to promote the rational layout of the state-owned economy,relevant departments should improve laws and regulations,design evaluation systems and valuation systems,and encourage enterprises to play a leading role in achieving the goal of building world-class enterprises.
作者
林盼
LIN Pan(Institute of Economics,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,100837)
出处
《上海经济研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第2期30-40,82,共12页
Shanghai Journal of Economics
基金
国家社会科学一般项目“上海工业化与城市化关系的历史考察(1949-1978)”(项目批准号:23BZS161)的阶段性成果之一。
关键词
国有经济
布局
理论脉络
历史经验
发展方向
State Owned Economy
Layout
Theoretical Context
Historical Experience
Development Direction
