摘要
目的:基于不同脲甲醛与尿素配比,建立玉米脲甲醛缓释肥施用技术,提高氮肥利用率。方法:通过盆栽试验,以CK、PK为对照,设置U(100%尿素)、UF20(80%尿素+20%脲甲醛)、UF40(60%尿素+40%脲甲醛)、UF60(40%尿素+60%脲甲醛)、UF80(20%尿素+80%脲甲醛)、UF(100%脲甲醛)等6个尿素与脲甲醛配施比例。结果:玉米脲甲醛缓释肥可显著提高玉米籽粒产量、养分吸收量和氮肥利用率。盆栽玉米产量以UF20处理最高,较U增产18.75 g/株;玉米养分吸收以UF20较高,氮吸收量为1.24 g/株,磷吸收量为0.31 g/株,钾吸收量为0.98 g/株,分别较U提高17.94%、1.69%、12.02%;氮肥利用率以UF20较高,肥料总氮利用率为38.49%,肥料总氮农学利用率为26.36 g/g,肥料总氮偏生产力为35.49 g/g,氮肥表观利用率为57.11%,氮素生理利用率为46.17 g/g,较U处理分别显著提高了18.02%、16.75 g/g、16.76 g/g、18.00%、21.61 g/g。结论:综合考虑玉米养分吸收和养分利用效率,80%尿素+20%脲甲醛(UF20)处理可显著提高玉米养分吸收量和肥料利用率,适宜在实际生产中应用。
Objective:Based on different ratios of urea formaldehyde and urea,the application technology of urea formaldehyde slow-release fertilizer for maize was established to improve the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer.Methods:Through pot experiment,with CK,PK as control,six different ratios were set,and the experiments were repated three times,including U(100%urea),UF20(80%urea+20%urea-formaldehyde),UF40(60%urea+40%urea-formaldehyde),UF60(40%urea+60%urea-formaldehyde),UF80(20%urea+80%urea-formaldehyde,UF(100%urea-formaldehyde).Results:Urea-formaldehyde slow-release fertilizer can significantly increase maize yield,nutrient absorption and nitrogen use efficiency.The yield of potted maize was the highest in UF20 treatment,which was 18.75 g/plant higher than that in U treatment.The nutrient absorption of UF20 was higher,the nitrogen absorption was 1.24 g/plant,the phosphorus absorption was 0.31 g/plant,and the potassium absorption was 0.98 g/plant,which was 17.94%,1.69%and 12.02%higher than that of U respectively.The nitrogen use efficiency of UF20 was higher,the total nitrogen utilization rate of fertilizer was 38.48%,the total nitrogen agronomic utilization rate of fertilizer was 26.36%,the total nitrogen partial productivity of fertilizer was 35.49 g/g,the apparent utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer was 57.11%,and the physiological utilization rate of nitrogen was 46.17 g/g,which was significantly higher than that of U treatment by 18.02%,16.75 g/g,16.76 g/g,18.00%,21.61 g/g,respectively.Conclusion:Considering the nutrient absorption and nutrient use efficiency of maize,80%urea+20%urea formaldehyde(UF20)treatment could significantly improve the nutrient absorption and fertilizer utilization rate of maize,which was suitable in actual production.
作者
江鑫鑫
吴中原
方俊超
李孝良
JIANG Xinxin;WU Zhongyuan;FANG Junchao;LI Xiaoliang(College of Resource and Environment,Anhui Science and Technology University,Fengyang 233100,China;Anhui Agricultural Waste Fertilizer Utilization and Cultivated Land Quality Improvement Engineering Research Center,Fengyang 233100,China)
出处
《安徽科技学院学报》
2024年第2期39-45,共7页
Journal of Anhui Science and Technology University
基金
国家重点研发计划(2022YFD2301402-3,2018YFD0300901-2)
安徽省科技攻关重大专项(201903a06020001)
农业农村部重点实验室开放课题(BOFA202011)。
关键词
脲甲醛
尿素
玉米养分吸收
氮肥利用率
Urea formaldehyde
Urea
Maize nutrient absorption
Nitrogen use efficiency
