摘要
本文基于2007—2017年沪深A股上市企业数据,将《社会保险法》实施作为一项准自然实验,采用双重差分法系统考察社保征管制度改革对企业内部劳动力雇佣结构的影响。研究发现:《社会保险法》实施引致的社保征管力度加强显著促进了企业人力资本升级,且该效应在大规模和非高新技术企业中更为凸显。作用机制检验发现,社会保险法促进企业人力资本升级的核心逻辑在于“现金流效应”和“替代效应”,而非资本增加引起的“互补效应”,具体表现为:社保征管力度加强,企业现金流减少、融资约束趋紧,优先削减非技能劳动力;社保征管力度加强,导致劳动资本相对价格上涨,企业选择用资本替代非技能劳动力。以上结论为进一步完善社保征管制度改革、加大人力资本投资和稳定就业提供了理论基础和经验支撑。
Based on the data from Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed companies from 2007 to 2017,this study views the implementation of the Social Insurance Law as a quasi-natural experiment,employing the difference-in-difference method to systematically examine th17e impact of social security collection and management system reform on the internal labor employment structure of enterprises.The research finds that the enforcement of the Social Insurance Law,which led to an increase in the intensity of social security collection and management,significantly promoted the upgrading of corporate human capital.This effect is more pronounced in large-scale,and non-high-tech enterprises.Mechanism tests reveal that the core logic behind the promotion of corporate human capital upgrading by the Social Insurance Law lies in the“cash flow effect”and the“substitution effect”rather than the“complementary effect”caused by an increase in capital.Specifically,the strengthening of social security collection and management reduces corporate cash flow and tightens financing constraints,leading to a priority reduction in non-skilled labor;furthermore,the increase in the relative price of labor capital due to enhanced social security collection and management encourages enterprises to substitute capital for non-skilled labor.These conclusions provide a theoretical basis and empirical support for further improving the reform of the social security collection and management system,increasing investment in human capital,and stabilizing employment.
作者
王蕾
刘文龙
乔小燕
WANG Lei;LIU Wenlong;QIAO Xiaoyan(Dongbei University of Finance&Economics,Dalian 116025;Shandong Technology and Business University,Yantai 264005)
出处
《财贸研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第3期67-80,共14页
Finance and Trade Research
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“促进经济高质量发展的税制结构优化与改革研究”(21&ZD096)。
关键词
社会保险缴费
劳动雇佣结构
人力资本升级
稳就业
social insurance contribution
labor and employment structure
upgrading of human capital
stable employment
