摘要
为研究北方半湿润区绿色屋顶降雨径流特性,探究结构参数变化对其雨水蓄滞效应的影响,为海绵城市绿色新基建提供数据支撑及引导。建立绿色屋顶(坡度0°)、普通屋顶(坡度0°)、坡面屋顶(坡度5°)3种类型屋顶的对照试验,以及基于基质层厚度、基质层、排水层和排水方式结构参数调整的五组绿色屋顶试验,基于实测降雨径流开展监测。研究表明:监测期内,绿色屋顶、普通屋顶、坡面屋顶综合降雨量的平均径流系数分别为0.27、0.50、0.77,绿色屋顶降雨径流削减效应明显。随着降雨强度增大,绿色屋顶产流概率呈逐渐增大趋势,径流总量控制率呈逐渐较小趋势,绿色屋顶对小雨~大雨级别场次降雨蓄滞效应显著。监测期内降雨事件中,绿色屋顶降雨径流系数与降雨总量显著正相关,与前期降雨间隔天数和前期降雨量为弱负相关;绿色屋顶降雨径流控制效率显著降低对应降雨强度临界值为30 mm。绿色屋顶雨水蓄滞效应影响因素显著程度由大到小依次为基质层(超轻量基质层)、排水方式(距底部5 cm排水)、基质层厚度(20 cm)、排水层(陶粒层)。绿色屋顶降雨径流特性及雨水蓄滞效应受到内、外因多因素影响,后续应基于长序列降雨监测期,进一步研究不同结构、不同尺度的绿色屋顶的海绵城市生态效应。
To study the rainfall runoff characteristics of green roofs in the northern semi humid area,this papar explores the impact of struc⁃tural parameter changes on their rainwater storage effect,and provide data support and guidance for the green New Infrastructure of Sponge city.Based on measured rainfall runoff,we established comparative experiments on three types of roofs:green roofs(gradient of 0°),ordi⁃nary roofs(gradient of 0°),and sloping roofs(gradient of 5°),as well as five sets of green roof experiments based on adjustment of matrix layer thickness,matrix layer,drainage layer,and drainage method structural parameters.Research shows that during the monitoring peri⁃od,the average runoff coefficients of comprehensive rainfall on green roofs,ordinary roofs,and sloping roofs were 0.27,0.50,and 0.77,re⁃spectively.The reduction effect of rainfall runoff on green roofs was significant.As the intensity of rainfall increases,the probability of green roof runoff generation gradually increases,and the total runoff control rate gradually decreases.Green roofs have a significant effect on the storage of rainfall at light to heavy rain levels.During the monitoring period,the runoff coefficient of green roof rainfall is significantly posi⁃tively correlated with the total rainfall,but weakly negatively correlated with the number of days between previous rainfall intervals and previ⁃ous rainfall;The green roof significantly reduces the efficiency of rainfall runoff control,corresponding to a critical value of 30 mm of rainfall intensity.The significant factors affecting the rainwater storage effect of green roofs in descending order are:substrate layer(ultra light sub⁃strate layer),drainage method(5 cm drainage from the bottom),substrate layer thickness(20 cm),and drainage layer(ceramic layer).The rainfall runoff characteristics and rainwater storage effect of green roofs are influenced by multiple internal and external factors.Based on long-term rainfall monitoring periods,further research should be conducted on the ecological effects of sponge cities with different structures and scales of green roofs.
作者
李鹏程
赵建利
王钰
苏永军
贾悦
杨宇飞
白栋良
LI Peng-cheng;ZHAO Jian-li;WANG Yu;SU Yong-jun;JIA Yue;YANG Yu-fei;BAI Dong-liang(School of geographic sciences,Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang 050010,Hebei Province,China;Cangzhou remote sensing and intelligent water conservancy technology innovation center of Hebei University of Water Resources and Electric Engineering,Cangzhou 061001,Hebei Province,China;China Water North Survey,Design and Research Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300222,China;School of Water Resources and Hydropower,Hohai University,Nanjing 210013,Jiangsu Province,China;Hebei South Canal River Affairs Center,Cangzhou 061001,Hebei Province,China)
出处
《中国农村水利水电》
北大核心
2024年第4期43-49,共7页
China Rural Water and Hydropower
基金
国家科技支撑项目(31410005321403)
河北省教育厅科学研究项目资助(BJ2021256)
河北水利电力学院河北省高等学校基本科研业务费研究项目(202004)
教育部第二期供需对接就业育人项目(20230113517,20230113516)。
关键词
绿色屋顶
径流系数
结构参数
蓄滞效应
相关性
green roof
runoff coefficient
structural parameters
storage effect
correlation
