摘要
乌鲁木齐市是新疆维吾尔自治区的首府,具有丰富的草地资源。探寻其草地面积增减的规律和特点,摸清影响其发生变化的驱动因子,掌握不同草地类型面积动态变化,对该地区草地的合理开发利用及保护具有重要意义。本研究通过单一土地利用动态度和转移矩阵对1990-2020年乌鲁木齐市草地面积时空变化特征进行研究,采用相关性分析法探讨草地面积变化的驱动因素。结果表明,30年间乌鲁木齐市:1)草地面积整体呈减少趋势,动态度为-0.31%,草地净减少595.47 km^(2),主要转出为未利用地;2)不同类型草地面积均发生变化,除了温性草原化荒漠类、温性荒漠草原类和温性荒漠类草地面积呈减少趋势,其他类型均呈增加趋势,面积变化最大的是温性荒漠类草地,净减少787.07 km^(2),主要发生在中北部,变化最小的是高寒草原草地,净增加0.36 km^(2),主要发生在南部;3)总播种面积与大多数草地类型面积的关联度最大,关联度系数在0.995~0.998。可见,1990-2020年人为因素是导致乌鲁木齐市草地面积减少的主要原因。
Urumqi City is the capital of Xinjiang,with abundant grassland resources.Exploring the pattern and characteristics of grassland area increase and decrease,identifying the driving factors that affect its changes,and mastering the dynamic changes of different grassland types are of great significance for the rational development,utilization,and protection of grasslands in the region.This study investigates the spatiotemporal changes in grassland area in Urumqi from 1990 to 2020 using a single land use dynamic degree and transfer matrix,and uses correlation analysis to explore the driving factors of grassland area change.The results indicate that over the past 30 years,Urumqi City:1)The overall grassland area shows a decreasing trend,with a dynamic degree of−0.31%.The net decrease in grassland is 595.47 km^(2),mainly transferred out as unused land.2)The area of different types of grasslands has changed,with the exception of temperate grassland desertification,temperate desert grassland,and temperate desert grassland showing a decreasing trend.All other types have shown an increasing trend.The largest change in area is the temperate desert grassland,with a net decrease of 787.07 km^(2),mainly occurring in the central and northern regions.The smallest change is the alpine grassland,with a net increase of 0.36 km^(2),mainly occurring in the southern region.3)The correlation between the total sown area and most grassland types is the highest,with a correlation coefficient between 0.995 and 0.998.It can be seen that human factors were the main reason for the decrease in grassland area in Urumqi from 1990 to 2020.
作者
李莹
刘文昊
靳瑰丽
魏秀红
宫珂
马建
刘智彪
王生菊
李嘉欣
王瑾瑜
LI Ying;LIU Wenhao;JIN Guili;WEI Xiuhong;GONG Ke;MA Jian;LIU Zhibiao;WANG Shengju;LI Jiaxin;WANG Jinyu(College of Grassland Sciences of Xinjiang Agricultural University/Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology/Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology for Western Arid Desert Region,Ministry of Education,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;Urumqi Landscape Engineering Quality Supervision Station(Urumqi Forest and Grass Seedling Station),Urumqi 830092,Xinjiang,China)
出处
《草业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期561-573,共13页
Pratacultural Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31960360)。
关键词
乌鲁木齐市
草地面积
草地类型
时空变化
驱动力
转移矩阵
灰色关联分析
Urumqi
grassland area
grassland type
spatial and temporal variation
driving force
transfer matrix
grey correlation analysis
