摘要
真核生物基因组DNA及其所包绕的组蛋白形成的核小体是染色质的基本单位。染色质的形成一方面有助于将基因组DNA组装到细胞核中,另一方面也对基因表达具有重要影响。染色质重塑因子能够利用水解ATP产生的能量调控染色质上核小体的组装、移除、滑动及组蛋白变体的置换等,从而调控基因转录和其他多种生物学过程。真核生物中的染色质重塑因子主要包括SWI/SNF、ISWI、CHD和INO80四类,这些染色质重塑因子往往以多亚基复合体的形式存在。最近的研究工作系统鉴定了植物染色质重塑复合体的亚基组成和功能,揭示了植物染色质重塑复合体相对于酵母及动物染色质重塑复合体的保守性和特异性。对于这些复合体调控基因转录分子机制的认识也在不断深入。这些发现为深入研究染色质重塑在植物生长发育和胁迫应答中的作用奠定了基础。
In eukaryotes,nucleosomes which are formed by the genomic DNA and the histone octamer wrapped around,are the basic units of chromatin.The formation of nucleosomes contributes to package genomic DNA into the limited-space nucleus.It also has a significant impact on gene expression.Chromatin-remodeling factors utilize the energy generated by ATP hydrolysis to regulate nucleosomes assembly and removal,nucleosomes sliding,and histone variant exchange,thus controlling gene expression and various biological processes.The chromatin-remodeling factors mainly include SWI/SNF,ISWI,CHD,and INO80,which primarily exists in the form of multi-subunit complexes.Recent studies have systematically identified the subunit composition and functions of plant chromatin-remodeling complexes,revealing the conservation and specificity of these complexes relative to yeast’s and animal’s.The molecular mechanisms of these complexes regulating gene transcription are also revealed.These findings establish the foundation for further research on the role of chromatin remodeling in plant growth,development,and stress responses.
作者
郭婧
何新建
GUO Jing;HE Xinjian(National Institute of Biological Sciences,Beijing,Beijing 102206,China;Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research,Tsinghua University,Beijing 102206,China)
出处
《自然杂志》
CAS
2024年第2期117-129,共13页
Chinese Journal of Nature
关键词
染色质重塑复合体
转录调控
植物
发育
chromatin-remodeling complex
transcriptional regulation
plant
development
