摘要
随着特用型双青大豆商品原料需求量日益增多,现有双青豆品种的商品产出量不能满足生产和市场需要,尤其是双青豆新品种的更新换代速度与育成数量不及普通类型品种,现有生产应用的品种相对单一,老品种在生产上连年种植,种性退化,对病虫草害的抵抗能力减弱,造成产量和品质降低,有碍于双青大豆产业的健康发展。针对存在的问题,黑龙江省农业科学院齐齐哈尔分院大豆研究团队开展了双青大豆育种工作,选育出双青大豆齐农绿1号,该品种属特用型绿种皮绿子叶大豆品种。适宜在黑龙江省第四积温带≥10℃活动积温2250℃区域种植,在适应区出苗至成熟生育日数113 d左右。株高89 cm左右,有分枝,白花、尖叶、亚有限结荚习性,灰色茸毛,荚弯镰形、成熟时呈褐色,籽粒圆形、种皮绿色有光泽,种脐褐色,百粒重20.6 g左右。2020—2021年区域试验平均产量2630.4 kg·hm^(-2),较对照品种广石绿大豆1号增产9.8%;中抗灰斑病;平均蛋白质含量39.39%,脂肪含量20.04%。该品种的育成,既为特用型双青大豆生产提供新品种支撑,满足市场对新品种的需求,提升品种对产业的贡献度,又为双青大豆育种特供优异的亲本资源,拓宽了遗传基础,加快了双青大豆新品种的培育速度。
With the increasing demand for special double green soybean varieties with green seed coat and cotyledon as commodity raw materials in soybean production and market,the existing approved double green soybean varieties and annual commodity output cannot meet production and market needs,especially the renewal speed and breeding quantity of the new soybean varieties are not as fast as ordinary types of varieties.The existing varieties used in production are relatively single,and the old varieties are planted continuously in production,resulting in the degradation of species.The weakened resistance to diseases,pests,and weeds has led to a decrease in yield and variety,which hinders the development of the double green soybean industry.In response to the existing problems,the soybean research team of Qiqihar Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences has carried out breeding work for green seed coat and cotyledon soybean,and breeding of Qinonglü1,which belongs to the special green seed coat green cotyledon soybean variety.Suitable for planting in the fourth temperate zone of Heilongjiang Province with an active accumulated temperature of≥10℃and 2250℃.The number of days from seedling emergence to mature growth in the adaptation zone is about 113 days.The plant is about 89 cm tall,with branches,white flowers,pointed leaves,and a suboptimal podding habit.It is gray hairy and has curved sickle shaped pods.When mature,it is brown in color,with round seeds and a glossy green seed coat.The hilum is brown,and the 100-seed weight is about 20.6 g.The average regional trial production from 2020 to 2021 was 2630.4 kg·ha^(-1),increased yield by 9.8%compared to the control variety Guangshi green soybean 1.It is mid-resistant to gray spot disease.The average protein content is 39.39%,and the fat content is 20.04%.Through the cultivation of this variety,it not only provides new variety support for the production of special double green soybeans,meets the market demand for new varieties,enhances the contribution of the variety to the industry,but also provides excellent parental resources for double green soybean breeding,expands the genetic foundation,and accelerates the cultivation speed of new double green soybean varieties.
作者
袁明
YUAN Ming(Qiqihar Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qiqihar 161006,China)
出处
《大豆科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第2期252-256,共5页
Soybean Science
基金
黑龙江省农业科学院科技攻关项目(2021YYYF009)
财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-04)。
关键词
齐农绿1号
双青大豆
特用型大豆
Qinonglü1
green seed coat and cotyledon soybeans
special type of soybean
